Optical microresonators with modes of the whispering gallery type

Wave angular momentum and the evolution of planetary rings

“…Now we proceed to the direct calculation of the effect, using explicit expressions for the viscous stress tensor. As is pointed out in , they may be found in a similar way to that used in the kinetic theory of magnetized plasmas (Braginskii 1963(Braginskii , 1957. This analogy is based on the fact that, in a reference frame rotating with angular velocity 0 , the disc particles trace epicycles: the Coriolis force plays the role of the Lorentz one.…”

“…We can also see that the contribution of is non‐zero only when the coefficients η 1 and η 2 are non‐zero. These coefficients are shown in Braginskii (1963) to be interdependent, η 1 (Ω 0 τ) =η 2 (2Ω 0 τ), and where is collision frequency, and a , b , g and f are constants depending on the particular form of Stoss integral (for the Landau form they are calculated in Braginskii 1957). In the limit of rare particle collisions (‘strong magnetized plasmas’), η 2 and η 1 (as well as η 3 and η 4 ) tend to zero, and the effect vanishes.…”

“…where η 0 ( 0 τ ) = constant, τ −1 is collision frequency, and a, b, g and f are constants depending on the particular form of Stoss integral (for the Landau form they are calculated in Braginskii 1957). In the limit of rare particle collisions ('strong magnetized plasmas'), η 2 and η 1 (as well as η 3 and η 4 ) tend to zero, and the effect vanishes.…”

Tabular electrical conductivity for aluminium

“…For example, it is needed for modelling magnetic liner fusion experiments [1] and pulse power experiments, [2] or the dynamo effect in the core of planets. [3] In the low-density, high-temperature regime, classical methods using Coulomb Logarithms are accurate [4][5][6] and quick to evaluate. However, in the dense regime, these approaches break down due to effects like ion correlation, partial ionization, core-valence orthogonality, degeneracy, and multiple scattering effects.…”

Investigation of Current-Density Modification during Magnetic Reconnection by Analysis of Hydrogen-Pellet Deflection

“…The neutral gas and plasma shielding model [10] used for the calculation of the ablation rates explicitly takes into account the shape of the electron and ion distribution functions. Here, the Braginskii approximation of the electron distribution function with current is used [11,12]. However, caution must be taken to the fact that this model ignores the effect of the rapid modulation of the ablation rate, which is the cause of the structure of the H emission patterns displayed in Figs.…”