Optical Metasurfaces: Progress and Applications

Chang, Shengyuan; Guo, Xuexue; Ni, Xingjie

doi:10.1146/annurev-matsci-070616-124220

Cited by 141 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Metasurfaces can be modulated both spatially and temporally (such as via external voltages or optical pumping), creating various paths towards topological phases. A recent review of progress in metasurface manufacturing and their applications has been compiled by Chang et al [79].…”

Section: Topological States In Metasurfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A perspective on topological nanophotonics: Current status and future challenges

Rider

Palmer

Pocock

et al. 2019

Journal of Applied Physics

121

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Topological photonic systems, with their ability to host states protected against disorder and perturbation, allow us to do with photons what topological insulators do with electrons. Topological photonics can refer to electronic systems coupled with light or purely photonic setups. By shrinking these systems to the nanoscale, we can harness the enhanced sensitivity observed in nanoscale structures and combine this with the protection of the topological photonic states, allowing us to design photonic local density of states and to push towards one of the ultimate goals of modern science: the precise control of photons at the nanoscale. This is paramount for both nano-technological applications and also for fundamental research in light matter problems. For purely photonic systems, we work with bosonic rather than fermionic states, so the implementation of topology in these systems requires new paradigms. Trying to face these challenges has helped in the creation of the exciting new field of topological nanophotonics, with far-reaching applications. In this prospective article we review milestones in topological photonics and discuss how they can be built upon at the nanoscale. I. OVERVIEWOne of the ultimate goals of modern science is the precise control of photons at the nanoscale. Topological nanophotonics offers a promising path towards this aim.A key feature of topological condensed matter systems is the presence of topologically protected surface states immune to disorder and impurities. These unusual properties can be transferred to nanophotonic systems, allowing us to combine the high sensitivity of nanoscale systems with the robustness of topological states. We expect that this new field of topological nanophotonics will lead to a plethora of new applications and increased physical insight.In this perspective, as presented schematically in FIG. 1, we begin (section II) by exploring topology in electronic systems. We aim this section towards readers who are new to the topic, so begin at an introductory level where no prior knowledge of topology is assumed.In section III we introduce light, first by discussing how topological electronic systems can interact with light (section III A), then move onto the topic of topological photonic analogues (section III B), in which purely photonic platforms are used to mimic the physics of topological condensed matter systems.In section IV we discuss various paths via which topological photonics can be steered into the nanoscale. Excellent and extensive reviews already exist on topological photonics [1][2][3][4], and many platforms showcasing unique strengths and limitations are currently being studied in the drive towards new applications in topological photonics such as cold atoms [5], liquid helium [6], polaritons [7], acoustic [8] and mechanical systems [9] but in this work * marie.rider16@imperial.ac.uk † www.GianniniLab.com FIG. 1. Schematic overview Schematic showing the topics covered in this perspective.we restrict ourselves to nanostructures. We discuss the effo...

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Section: Topological States In Metasurfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A perspective on topological nanophotonics: Current status and future challenges

Rider

Palmer

Pocock

et al. 2019

Journal of Applied Physics

121

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“…Here, the resonance phenomenon studied are broadly classified as guided-mode resonances, EIT-like resonances and bound-states-in-continuum resonances. Though this list is not exhaustive [17,51], a majority of the resonant structures studied fall into these categories.…”

Section: Physical Mechanisms Behind Resonances In Arrayed Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear Optics in Dielectric Guided-Mode Resonant Structures and Resonant Metasurfaces

et al. 2020

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Nonlinear optics is an important area of photonics research for realizing active optical functionalities such as light emission, frequency conversion, and ultrafast optical switching for applications in optical communication, material processing, precision measurements, spectroscopic sensing and label-free biological imaging. An emerging topic in nonlinear optics research is to realize high efficiency optical functionalities in ultra-small, sub-wavelength length scale structures by leveraging interesting optical resonances in surface relief metasurfaces. Such artificial surfaces can be engineered to support high quality factor resonances for enhanced nonlinear optical interaction by leveraging interesting physical mechanisms. The aim of this review article is to give an overview of the emerging field of nonlinear optics in dielectric based sub-wavelength periodic structures to realize efficient harmonic generators, wavelength mixers, optical switches etc. Dielectric metasurfaces support the realization of high quality-factor resonances with electric field concentrated either inside or in the vicinity of the dielectric media, while at the same time operate at high optical intensities without damage. The periodic dielectric structures considered here are broadly classified into guided-mode resonant structures and resonant metasurfaces. The basic physical mechanisms behind guided-mode resonances, electromagnetically-induced transparency like resonances and bound-states in continuum resonances in periodic photonic structures are discussed. Various nonlinear optical processes studied in such structures with example implementations are also reviewed. Finally, some future directions of interest in terms of realizing large-area metasurfaces, techniques for enhancing the efficiency of the nonlinear processes, heterogenous integration, and extension to non-conventional wavelength ranges in the ultra-violet and infrared region are discussed.

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“…In recent years, metasurfaces have been a subject of undergoing intense study as their optical properties can be adapted to a diverse set of applications, including superlenses, tunable images, holograms, etc. [1][2][3][4] High-refractive-index dielectric metasurfaces provide a powerful platform for controlling light that can go beyond plasmonics, as they cause negligible losses as compared with plasmonic metasurfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced light–matter interactions in dielectric nanostructures via machine-learning approach

Rahmani

et al. 2020

Adv. Photon.

110

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A key concept underlying the specific functionalities of metasurfaces, i.e. arrays of subwavelength nanoparticles, is the use of constituent components to shape the wavefront of the light, on-demand. Metasurfaces are versatile and novel platforms to manipulate the scattering, colour, phase or the intensity of the light. Currently, one of the typical approaches for designing a metasurface is to optimize one or two variables, among a vast number of fixed parameters, such as various materials' properties and coupling effects, as well as the geometrical parameters. Ideally, it would require a multi-dimensional space optimization through direct numerical simulations. Recently, an alternative approach became quite popular allowing to reduce the computational cost significantly based on a deeplearning-assisted method. In this paper, we utilize a deep-learning approach for obtaining high-quality factor (high-Q) resonances with desired characteristics, such as linewidth, amplitude and spectral position. We exploit such high-Q resonances for the enhanced light-matter interaction in nonlinear optical metasurfaces and optomechanical vibrations, simultaneously. We demonstrate that optimized metasurfaces lead up to 400+ folds enhancement of the third harmonic generation (THG); at the same time, they also contribute to 100+ folds enhancement in optomechanical vibrations. This approach can be further used to realize structures with unconventional scattering responses.

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Optical Metasurfaces: Progress and Applications

Cited by 141 publications

References 101 publications

A perspective on topological nanophotonics: Current status and future challenges

A perspective on topological nanophotonics: Current status and future challenges

Nonlinear Optics in Dielectric Guided-Mode Resonant Structures and Resonant Metasurfaces

Enhanced light–matter interactions in dielectric nanostructures via machine-learning approach

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