Optical measurement of membrane potential

Cohen, Lawrence B.; Salzberg, Brian M.

doi:10.1007/3-540-08907-1_2

Cited by 482 publications

(290 citation statements)

References 140 publications

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“…The shape of the solitary pulses in lipid monolayers and action potentials in cell membranes can be directly compared because fluorescence reports membrane potential in both cases [6,35,36]. There are several striking similarities between our results on lipid monolayers and the data on nerve pulses: (i) both systems support 'all-or-none' pulses which propagate as solitary waves and exist only in a narrow window bound by certain nonlinearities in their respective state diagrams [28,37,38], (ii) the pulses in both systems represent an adiabatic phenomenon [39,40] and are not only electrical but are also inseparably mechanical (deflection and volume), optical (polarization, chirality, fluorescence, turbidity) and thermal (temperature, enthalpy) pulses [5,6,36,37,39,[41][42][43][44][45][46].…”

Section: Biological Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for two-dimensional solitary sound waves in a lipid controlled interface and its implications for biological signalling

Shrivastava

Schneider

2014

J. R. Soc. Interface.

114

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Biological membranes by virtue of their elastic properties should be capable of propagating localized perturbations analogous to sound waves. However, the existence and the possible role of such waves in communication in biology remain unexplored. Here, we report the first observations of twodimensional solitary elastic pulses in lipid interfaces, excited mechanically and detected by FRET. We demonstrate that the nonlinearity near a maximum in the susceptibility of the lipid monolayer results in solitary pulses that also have a threshold for excitation. These experiments clearly demonstrate that the state of the interface regulates the propagation of pulses both qualitatively and quantitatively. Finally, we elaborate on the striking similarity of the observed phenomenon to nerve pulse propagation and a thermodynamic basis of cell signalling in general.

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Section: Biological Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for two-dimensional solitary sound waves in a lipid controlled interface and its implications for biological signalling

Shrivastava

Schneider

2014

J. R. Soc. Interface.

114

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“…We tested our approach using an Arum maculatum preparation that contains three different types of mitochondria and demonstrated the validity of the light-scatter measurements to distinguish the a, ,B, and y mitochondria and to measure their ability to built up a membrane potential in the presence of succinate. These results demonstrate clearly that flow cytometric techniques using rhodamine 123 can be employed to study the activity in isolated plant mitochondria.Fluorescent probes have been applied as optical indicators ofthe membrane potential differences in several types ofcells, isolated organelles, and lipid vesicles (1,4,20,31). The technique relies on membrane potential-dependent partitioning of charged lipophilic dye molecules across the membrane.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Fluorescent probes have been applied as optical indicators ofthe membrane potential differences in several types ofcells, isolated organelles, and lipid vesicles (1,4,20,31). The technique relies on membrane potential-dependent partitioning of charged lipophilic dye molecules across the membrane.…”

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confidence: 99%

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Rhodamine 123 Fluorescence during Modulation of the Membrane Potential in Plant Mitochondria

Petit

1992

Plant Physiol.

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The fluorescent dye rhodamine 123, which selectively accumulates in mitochondria based on the membrane potential, was used with flow cytometry to evaluate variations in activity of mitochondria isolated from plant tissues. In the presence of succinate and ATP, potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tuber mitochondrial activity was affected by metabolic inhibitors and compounds that modify the membrane potential. The more uniform the mitochondrial population, the higher the observed membrane potential. The reactive population corresponds to the proportion of intact mitochondria (94-97%) defined by classic methods. Changes in the light-scattering properties are more related to internal modifications affecting the inner membrane-matrix system of the mitochondria during metabolic modulation than to specific volume change or outer membrane surface modifications. We tested our approach using an Arum maculatum preparation that contains three different types of mitochondria and demonstrated the validity of the light-scatter measurements to distinguish the a, ,B, and y mitochondria and to measure their ability to built up a membrane potential in the presence of succinate. These results demonstrate clearly that flow cytometric techniques using rhodamine 123 can be employed to study the activity in isolated plant mitochondria.Fluorescent probes have been applied as optical indicators ofthe membrane potential differences in several types ofcells, isolated organelles, and lipid vesicles (1,4,20,31). The technique relies on membrane potential-dependent partitioning of charged lipophilic dye molecules across the membrane. Changes in membrane potential result in changes in the intensity of dye fluorescence, termed "redistribution signals" (4). Lipophilic cationic dyes have been used successfully to measure changes in the membrane potential of in situ or isolated mitochondria of yeast cells (9,20), several kinds of animal cells (27), and, more recently, plant cells and protoplasts (13,15,26). In plant mitochondria, the dyes most widely used for mitochondria are either derivatives of rhodamine or cyanine dyes developed by Waggoner (30, 31). The laser dye, Rh 123,' has been extensively employed as a fluorescent stain of mitochondria in living cells (27). Because Rh 123 is an aromatic cation, it has been assumed to distribute itself electrophoretically into the mitochondrial matrix in response to AI.At high concentrations, Rh 123 has toxic side effects, but Emaus et al. (6) have recently demonstrated that, at concentrations that do not inhibit mitochondrial function, Rh 123 is indeed a sensitive and specific probe of AI in isolated mitochondria. Agents known to depolarize or deenergize mitochondria, such as uncouplers (valinomycin) and respiratory inhibitors (KCN, SHAM), decreased Rh123 fluorescence of mitochondria in cultured cells, whereas nigericin, which collapses ApH and raises AI, increases fluorescence. For Rh 123, the energy-linked changes were accompanied by dye uptake into the matrix space and the concentration ratio in-to...

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“…It is reported even more difficult to keep these dyes in solution than it is to do so for cyanines (67). Negatively charged dyes such as anilinonaphthalenesulfonic acid (ANS) and merocyanine 540 respond to membrane potential (13,14,48). ANS binding to stimulated lymphocytes is markedly different from binding to unstimulated lymphocytes (1); it is unclear how much of the difference is due to differences in membrane potential between stimulated and unstimulated cells.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since movement of indicator across the membrane must occur in order for a change in potential to be detected, it is difficult to monitor extremely rapid changes in potential, e.g., nerve action potentials, by indicator distribution techniques. Waggoner, Cohen and their colleagues (13,14,67,68) have investigated dyes which respond rapidly to potential changes for use in neurophysiologic studies. The changes in fluorescence or absorption observed in these substances are quite small, typically not more than a few parts per thousand, while the changes in intracellular indicator concentration observed when permeant dyes are used range from 10 to over loo%, depending upon the dye used and the experimental conditions.…”

Section: Measurement Of Membrane Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow cytometric probes of early events in cell activation

Shapiro

1981

Cytometry

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By now, it's well established that the surface of a cell Contains transmembrane proteins which, on binding ligands, tell The biochemical computer inside what to do Without a need for any of the ligands coming through. Receptor‐triggered cytoplasmic “interrupt routines” May lead the nucleus to activate new sets of genes, Or otherwise induce a cell, which never reasons why, To twitch, secrete, endocytose, or reproduce, or die. By merely watching labeled ligands bind, we cannot know Down which of many paths the cells thus tagged are apt to go, But other changes, shortly after binding, may predict Which of its several options any given cell has picked. Flow cytometric methods are described here which allow Membrane potential to be estimated, to show how Potential changes may occur in seconds after binding Of ligand to a functional receptor, or for finding No change when cells don't have the right receptor, or can't see The ligand for antagonists of like affinity. With chlorotetracycline fluorescence, one can find Release of membrane calcium soon after ligands bind; Both this and the potential measurement can help support Decisions in an instrument about which cells to sort, Though narrowing the distributions which these methods yield Would greatly help to broaden applications in this field.

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Optical measurement of membrane potential

Cited by 482 publications

References 140 publications

Evidence for two-dimensional solitary sound waves in a lipid controlled interface and its implications for biological signalling

Evidence for two-dimensional solitary sound waves in a lipid controlled interface and its implications for biological signalling

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Rhodamine 123 Fluorescence during Modulation of the Membrane Potential in Plant Mitochondria

Flow cytometric probes of early events in cell activation

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