Optical Magnetometry Based on Nanodiamonds with Nitrogen-Vacancy Color Centers

Silicon carbide (SiC) is an indirect wide band gap semiconductor that is utilized in many industrial applications due to its extreme physical properties. SiC nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit a versatile surface chemistry, fluoresce from the ultraviolet to the near‐infrared spectral ranges, and their sizes can be tuned from one to hundreds of nanometers. Yet, fluorescent SiC NPs have received far less attention by the scientific community. This review summarizes the state‐of‐the‐art in fluorescent SiC NPs. Nanoparticle fabrication methods, characterization techniques, nanoparticle surface chemistry, and SiC NPs fluorescence properties are assessed in detail. Atomic defects and impurities in the SiC crystal lattice (so‐called color centers), surface‐induced fluorescence, quantum confinement, and band‐edge fluorescence are identified as the main sources of fluorescence in SiC NPs. While many color centers are reported in bulk SiC, only few are identified in SiC NPs and interface‐related defects remain poorly understood, creating enormous potential for scientific discovery. Finally, an overview of demonstrated and emerging potential applications of SiC NPs in the areas of bioimaging and quantum sensing is provided.

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“…For this defect, the ODMR contrast is reported to be in the order of 0.01%, compared to 1–3% observed in diamond NPs. [ 176 ]…”

Section: Fluorescence In Sic Npsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescent Silicon Carbide Nanoparticles

Vries

Sato

Ohshima

et al. 2021

Advanced Optical Materials

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“…The negatively charged NV centers in the ND exhibits unique electron-spin properties in which they possess non-zero electronic spin and favorable energy level structure that support spin polarization to occur due to manipulation with magnetic field that can be interrogated by visible light. Since a single NV center enables magnetic surface mapping with nanometric spatial resolution, this resulted in NDs with a high density of NV centers to offer extremely high magnetometric sensitivity [183]. The ability to sense the magnetic field using the ND-doped tellurite glass fiber is highly dependent on the fluorescence emission of the NV centers that can be observed due to the control of the ground state population [184].…”

Section: Other Physical Parameter Sensing Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sensors 2020, 20, x FOR PEER REVIEW 23 of 43 single NV center enables magnetic surface mapping with nanometric spatial resolution, this resulted in NDs with a high density of NV centers to offer extremely high magnetometric sensitivity [183]. The ability to sense the magnetic field using the ND-doped tellurite glass fiber is highly dependent on the fluorescence emission of the NV centers that can be observed due to the control of the ground state population [184].…”

Section: Other Physical Parameter Sensing Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Allotrope-Based Optical Fibers for Environmental and Biological Sensing: A Review

Yap

Chan

Tjin

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Recently, carbon allotropes have received tremendous research interest and paved a new avenue for optical fiber sensing technology. Carbon allotropes exhibit unique sensing properties such as large surface to volume ratios, biocompatibility, and they can serve as molecule enrichers. Meanwhile, optical fibers possess a high degree of surface modification versatility that enables the incorporation of carbon allotropes as the functional coating for a wide range of detection tasks. Moreover, the combination of carbon allotropes and optical fibers also yields high sensitivity and specificity to monitor target molecules in the vicinity of the nanocoating surface. In this review, the development of carbon allotropes-based optical fiber sensors is studied. The first section provides an overview of four different types of carbon allotropes, including carbon nanotubes, carbon dots, graphene, and nanodiamonds. The second section discusses the synthesis approaches used to prepare these carbon allotropes, followed by some deposition techniques to functionalize the surface of the optical fiber, and the associated sensing mechanisms. Numerous applications that have benefitted from carbon allotrope-based optical fiber sensors such as temperature, strain, volatile organic compounds and biosensing applications are reviewed and summarized. Finally, a concluding section highlighting the technological deficiencies, challenges, and suggestions to overcome them is presented.2 of 43 of target molecules or physical parameters. In some instances, surface-modified carbon allotropes also permit multi-parameter detection capabilities of carbon allotrope-based OFS [7]. As such, an insight into the recent advances of carbon allotrope-based OFS can serve as a guideline to develop an effective detection approach for emerging real-world applications. Many review articles on carbon allotrope-based OFS mainly focus on a single type of carbon allotrope and the fundamental theory of carbon allotrope-based OFS [8,9]. Thus, this comprehensive review article encompasses the properties, preparation, sensing mechanisms, nanocoating deposition techniques, physical and biochemical sensing applications. This review aims to highlight the recent research work on carbon allotrope-based OFS that will serve as a reference guide for researchers to develop optimal detection approaches for physical parameters or trace level monitoring of chemical and biomolecules. Four groups of carbon allotropes, including carbon nanotubes (CNT), carbon dots (CDs), graphene, and nanodiamonds (NDs), will be studied. Commonly adopted synthesis approaches, classification of various deposition techniques for the integration of carbon allotropes as the thin film coating of OFS as well as numerous examples of these carbon allotrope-based OFS will also be outlined.

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“…The RT-DND particles were dispersed in DMSO using ultrasound Bandelin Sonopuls HD 2200 sonicator (Berlin, Germany), working in a pulse mode to avoid overheating of the liquids 21 . The suspension was prepared by 5-min-long high-power ultrasound sonication which disintegrates partially the ND aggregates, allowing for marginal effect on surface modification.…”

Section: Experimental -Phantom Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanodiamond phantoms mimicking human liver: perspective to calibration of T1 relaxation time in magnetic resonance imaging

Sękowska

Majchrowicz

Sabisz

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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phantoms of biological tissues are materials that mimic the properties of real tissues. this study shows the development of phantoms with nanodiamond particles for calibration of T1 relaxation time in magnetic resonance imaging. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRi) is a commonly used and non-invasive method of detecting pathological changes inside the human body. nevertheless, before a new MRi device is approved for use, it is necessary to calibrate it properly and to check its technical parameters. in this article, we present phantoms of tissue with diamond nanoparticles dedicated to magnetic resonance calibration. the method of producing phantoms has been described. As a result of our research, we obtained phantoms that were characterized by the relaxation time T1 the same as the relaxation time of the human tissue T1 = 810.5 ms. Furthermore, the use of diamond nanoparticles in phantoms allowed us to tune the T1 value of the phantoms which open the way to elaborated phantoms of other tissues in the future.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is a non-invasive technique for creating detailed images of the human body. This method allows for obtaining high-resolution cross-sectional images of tissue in any surfaces. Therefore now is a widely available, powerful instrument for non-invasive imaging of soft tissues better then X-rays, computerized tomography scans or ultrasound 1-3 . Chronic liver diseases represent an important global health problem.MRI is a technique which plays a significant role in diagnosis of different liver disorders. The MRI investigation can show and confirm diffuse liver damage due to metabolic diseases or cirrhosis. Furthermore, MRI plays an important role in differentiation in primary hepatic malignancies or metastatic diseases 4 . The parameters characteristic for a sample investigated by the means of MRI are longitudinal relaxation time T1 and transverse relaxation time T2, which directly depend on the biophysical structure of the test substance and the biochemical environment 5 . The study of relaxation times and their dependence on the magnetic field, temperature, pH, etc. provides valuable information on the structure and molecular dynamics of the substance. A significant amount of biological tissue phantoms used for an MRI scanner calibration is created to examine the scanner's technical parameters [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] . Phantoms used to calibrate relaxation times are scarce. The few phantoms dedicated to the calibration of relaxation times are mainly oil based or water based (e.g. aqueous solutions of inorganic acid salts 12,14-17 ). Due to their liquid state, the calibration process is more time-consuming because the liquid must stabilize before the measurement can start. Relaxation agents such as gadolinium trichloride, which were found to enable adjustment of T 1 relaxation time, are toxic, therefore their use for biomedical applications is excluded 18 .

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Optical Magnetometry Based on Nanodiamonds with Nitrogen-Vacancy Color Centers

Cited by 28 publications

References 35 publications

Fluorescent Silicon Carbide Nanoparticles

Fluorescent Silicon Carbide Nanoparticles

Carbon Allotrope-Based Optical Fibers for Environmental and Biological Sensing: A Review

Nanodiamond phantoms mimicking human liver: perspective to calibration of T1 relaxation time in magnetic resonance imaging

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