Optical magnetic imaging of living cells

Sage, D. Le; Arai, Keigo; Glenn, David; DeVience, Stephen J.; Pham, Linh; Rahn-Lee, Lilah; Lukin, Mikhail D.; Yacoby, Amir; Komeili, Arash; Walsworth, Ronald L.

doi:10.1038/nature12072

Cited by 619 publications

(596 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…On a very small scale, nitrogen vacancy color centers in diamond have been used to create magnetic images of living magnetotactic bacteria with sub-micrometer spatial resolution [1]. On a larger scale, magnetometers are routinely used to map areas of many square kilometers for prospecting, archeology, and magnetic anomaly detection [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic field imaging with microfabricated optically-pumped magnetometers

et al. 2017

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A multichannel imaging system is presented, consisting of 25 microfabricated optically-pumped magnetometers. The sensor probes have a footprint of less than 1 cm 2 and a sensitive volume of 1.5 mm × 1.5 mm × 1.5 mm and connect to a control unit through optical fibers of length 5 m. Operating at very low ambient magnetic fields, the sensor array has an average magnetic sensitivity of 24 fT/Hz 1/2 , with a standard deviation of 5 fT/Hz 1/2 when the noise of each sensor is averaged between 10 and 50 Hz. Operating in Earth's magnetic field, the magnetometers have a field sensitivity around 5 pT/Hz 1/2 . The vacuum-packaged sensor heads are optically heated and consume on average 76 ± 7 mW of power each. The heating power is provided by an array of eight diode lasers. Magnetic field imaging of small probe coils was obtained with the sensor array and fits to the expected field pattern agree well with the measured data. 19887-19894 (2014). 24. S. J. Seltzer and M. V. Romalis, "Unshielded three-axis vector operation of a spin-exchange-relaxation-free atomic magnetometer," Appl.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic field imaging with microfabricated optically-pumped magnetometers

et al. 2017

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“…Beyond liquid-state NMR, we foresee applications of SLIC in long-lived quantum memories composed of nuclear spin pairs [19], as well as selective nuclear spin state manipulation at low magnetic field [20], and highprecision solid-state electronic spin measurements such as nitrogen vacancy (NV) diamond magnetometry [21][22][23][24]. For a nuclear spin quantum memory with singlet and triplet bases, SLIC may provide a straightforward way to prepare desired states on the singlet/triplet Bloch sphere.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Nuclear Spin Singlet States Using Spin-Lock Induced Crossing

2013

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We introduce a broadly applicable technique to create nuclear spin singlet states in organic molecules and other many-atom systems. We employ a novel pulse sequence to produce a spin-lock induced crossing (SLIC) of the spin singlet and triplet energy levels, which enables triplet/singlet polarization transfer and singlet state preparation. We demonstrate the utility of the SLIC method by producing a long-lived nuclear spin singlet state on two strongly-coupled proton pairs in the tripeptide molecule phenylalanine-glycine-glycine dissolved in D2O, and by using SLIC to measure the J-couplings, chemical shift differences, and singlet lifetimes of the proton pairs. We show that SLIC is more efficient at creating nearly-equivalent nuclear spin singlet states than previous pulse sequence techniques, especially when triplet/singlet polarization transfer occurs on the same timescale as spin-lattice relaxation.There is great current interest in the controlled preparation and coherent manipulation of singlet states for nuclear spin pairs in molecules and other many-atom systems (e.g., spin networks in solids), as spin singlet states are largely decoupled from environmental perturbations that limit the spin state lifetime. For example, in liquid state experiments singlet states in nuclear spin pairs can exhibit lifetimes much longer than the single-spin polarization lifetime (T 1 ) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. In addition, nuclear spin singlet states can be used as a resource for spectroscopic interrogation of couplings within many-spin systems, including J-couplings, dipolar, and hyperfine couplings in both organic molecules and spin networks in solids [13][14][15]. Such singlet states exist naturally when nuclear spins are strongly J-coupled relative to their resonance frequency differences, ∆ν, i.e., J >> ∆ν. However, due to the differences in spin singlet and triplet state symmetries, it is not possible to transfer polarization from the triplet to the singlet state by directly driving a radiofrequency transition, which limits the control of singlet state preparation and manipulation. Tayler and Levitt demonstrated that triplet/singlet polarization transfer can instead be acheived using a series of π-pulse trains in which the pulse timing is synchronized to the J-coupling strength between nuclei [5]. This "M2S" sequence takes advantage of the small amount of mixing between singlet and triplet states that is present when- * devience@fas.harvard.edu † rwalsworth@cfa.harvard.edu ‡ mrosen@cfa.harvard.edu ever ∆ν > 0. Feng and Warren also showed that the M2S sequence can create singlet states in certain heteronuclear systems even when ∆ν = 0 [12]. These results hold promise for creating hyperpolarized singlet states without the need for a symmetry-breaking chemical reaction or continuous spin-locking [11]. However, in all results to date, the polarization transfer to the spin singlet state only occurs during the final third of the M2S sequence time, and before this stage the spin polarization occupies states subj...

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“…The first images of magnetic field distributions produced by microscopic current distributions were obtained in 2011 [6]. Since then images have been obtained of magnetic particles as small as 20 nm [7] and of magnetosomes inside magneto-tactic bacteria [8]. However, these measurements indicated a magnetic moment 10 times smaller than measured by methods based on the motion of these bacteria in magnetic fields [10].…”

Section: -P1mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…To determine the magnetic moment of the particles from the image, we followed a procedure similar to the one described in reference [8]. We solved the forward problem by computing the magnetic field at the NV layer of the diamond sample.…”

Section: -P3mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimating the magnetic moment of microscopic magnetic sources from their magnetic field distribution in a layer of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centres in diamond

Šmits

Bērziņš

Gahbauer

et al. 2016

Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys.

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Abstract.We have used a synthetic diamond with a layer of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centres to image the magnetic field distributions of magnetic particles on the surface of the diamond. Magnetic field distributions of 4 μm and 2 μm ferromagnetic and 500 nm diameter superparamagnetic particles were obtained by measuring the position of the optically detected magnetic resonance peak in the fluorescence emitted by the NV centres for each pixel. We fitted the results to a model in order to determine the magnetic moment of the particles from the magnetic field image and compared the results to the measured magnetic moment of the particles. The best-fit magnetic moment differed from the value expected based on measurements by a vibrating sample magnetometer, which implies that further work is necessary to understand the details of magnetic field measurements on the micro scale. However, the measurements of two different types of ferromagnetic particle gave internally consistent results.

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Optical magnetic imaging of living cells

Cited by 619 publications

References 31 publications

Magnetic field imaging with microfabricated optically-pumped magnetometers

Magnetic field imaging with microfabricated optically-pumped magnetometers

Preparation of Nuclear Spin Singlet States Using Spin-Lock Induced Crossing

Estimating the magnetic moment of microscopic magnetic sources from their magnetic field distribution in a layer of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centres in diamond

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