Optical limiting performance of C60 and C70 solutions

Enhanced nonlinear optical response of an endohedral metallofullerene through metal-to-cage charge transfer

“…Meanwhile, nonlinear optical studies of empty-cage C 60 and C 70 have shown that these materials possess both large third order susceptibilities (3) (Ϫ 4 ; 1 , 2 , 3 ) 6-8 ͑ϳ10 Ϫ11 esu compared to a nonresonant value of 5ϫ10 Ϫ10 esu for a polydiacetylene polymer, 9 for example͒ and strong optical limiting behavior. [10][11][12] We report here the first nonlinear optical measurements of an endohedral metallofullerene and find a dramatic enhancement in the third-order nonlinear optical response. Degenerate four-wave mixing ͑DFWM͒ experiments on solutions of the endohedral metallofullerene Er 2 @C 82 ͑Fig.…”

Fullerenes

“…For studying the T\ -* T n spectrum, the intersystem crossing (discussed above) is used to populate the Ti level. The T\ -* T n absorption has been reported to be stronger than the S o -• S n absorption, and this could provide a mechanism 178 to account for the observed nonlinear absorption leading to "optical limiting" of transmitted, transient, visible light in both C 6 o and C 70 (7 ns pulses at 532 nm) (see Sec. XV).…”

One-Pot Synthesis of Isobenzofuran-1(3h)-Ones Using Sulfuric Acid Immobilized on Silica Under Solvent-Free Conditions and Survey of Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Properties

“…Materials with third-order optical nonlinearities have been investigated widely for their applications in opto-electronic and all-optical devices such as eye and sensor protection, optical phase conjugation, high-speed all optical switches, optical bistability, optical limiting devices, optical modulators and so on [47][48][49] . Organic materials exhibiting strong nonlinear optical properties have attracted considerable interest in recent years because of their possible applications in nonlinear optical devices [50][51] .…”