Optical Interferometry

doi:10.5772/63683

Cited by 6 publications

References 139 publications

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Sagnac interference in integrated photonics

Arianfard

Juodkazis

Moss

et al. 2023

Applied Physics Reviews

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As a fundamental optical approach to interferometry, Sagnac interference has been widely used for reflection manipulation, precision measurements, and spectral engineering in optical systems. Compared to other interferometry configurations, it offers attractive advantages by yielding a reduced system complexity without the need for phase control between different pathways, thus offering a high degree of stability against external disturbance and a low wavelength dependence. The advance of integration fabrication techniques has enabled chip-scale Sagnac interferometers with greatly reduced footprint and improved scalability compared to more conventional approaches implemented by spatial light or optical fiber devices. This facilitates a variety of integrated photonic devices with bidirectional light propagation, showing new features and capabilities compared to unidirectional-light-propagation devices, such as Mach–Zehnder interferometers (MZIs) and ring resonators (RRs). This paper reviews functional integrated photonic devices based on Sagnac interference. First, the basic theory of integrated Sagnac interference devices is introduced, together with comparisons to other integrated photonic building blocks, such as MZIs, RRs, photonic crystal cavities, and Bragg gratings. Next, the applications of Sagnac interference in integrated photonics, including reflection mirrors, optical gyroscopes, basic filters, wavelength (de)interleavers, optical analogues of quantum physics, and others, are systematically reviewed. Finally, the open challenges and future perspectives are discussed.

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Sagnac interference in integrated photonics

Arianfard

Juodkazis

Moss

et al. 2023

Applied Physics Reviews

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Phase conjugate Michelson interferometer for optical logic

Khoury¹

2017

SPIE Proceedings

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Waveguide based passively demodulated photothermal interferometer for light absorption measurements of trace substances

et al. 2023

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In this contribution, we present the development of a passively demodulated interferometer based on 3 × 3 waveguide couplers to measure light absorption of trace gases and aerosol particles via the photothermal effect. In contrast to a “classical” interferometer with two outputs, active quadrature control is not required to ensure a high sensitivity of the system. An algorithm for the evaluation of the photothermal interferometry signal from the outputs of asymmetric 3 × 3 couplers is detailed. The performance of the algorithm is demonstrated with N O 2 calibration experiments using couplers with different working principles (i.e., fused-fiber and planar-waveguide based). The results of a laboratory measurement campaign using aerosolized nigrosin are discussed, and the measured aerosol absorption is compared to a reference instrument. A noise analysis shows interferometer phase noise to be the primary noise component. Improvements to the setup are recommended, which should improve the current instrumental detection limit in terms of absorption coefficient to below the current value of 100 M m − 1 ( 1 σ , 60 s). This corresponds to mass concentrations of about 10 µ g / m 3 for submicrometer-size black carbon particles.

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Optical Interferometry

Cited by 6 publications

References 139 publications

Sagnac interference in integrated photonics

Sagnac interference in integrated photonics

Phase conjugate Michelson interferometer for optical logic

Waveguide based passively demodulated photothermal interferometer for light absorption measurements of trace substances

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