Optical Imaging, Photodynamic Therapy and Optically Triggered Combination Treatments

Mallidi, Srivalleesha; Spring, Bryan Q.; Chang, Sekchin; Vakoc, Benjamin J.; Hasan, Tayyaba

doi:10.1097/ppo.0000000000000117

Cited by 47 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…An extensive review of direct and indirect treatment response strategies in PDT have been provided elsewhere 15, 48 and are considered beyond the scope of this review. Overall, to achieve efficient therapeutic benefit from PDT, specifically also for deep tissue PDT, it is of paramount importance to monitor microenvironmental conditions and provide the “right or optimal” light dose (fluence rate and fluence) and illumination regime according to the photosensitizer concentration at the treatment site 49.…”

Section: Light Delivery Strategies For Deep Tissue Pdtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond the Barriers of Light Penetration: Strategies, Perspectives and Possibilities for Photodynamic Therapy

Mallidi¹,

Anbil

Bulin³

et al. 2016

Theranostics

Self Cite

334

237

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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a photochemistry based treatment modality that involves the generation of cytotoxic species through the interactions of a photosensitizer molecule with light irradiation of an appropriate wavelength. PDT is an approved therapeutic modality for several cancers globally and in several cases has proved to be effective where traditional treatments have failed. The key parameters that determine PDT efficacy are 1. the photosensitizer (nature of the molecules, selectivity, and macroscopic and microscopic localization etc.), 2. light application (wavelength, fluence, fluence rate, irradiation regimes etc.) and 3. the microenvironment (vascularity, hypoxic regions, stromal tissue density, molecular heterogeneity etc.). Over the years, several groups aimed to monitor and manipulate the components of these critical parameters to improve the effectiveness of PDT treatments. However, PDT is still misconstrued to be a surface treatment primarily due to the limited depths of light penetration. In this review, we present the recent advances, strategies and perspectives in PDT approaches, particularly in cancer treatment, that focus on increasing the 'damage zone' beyond the reach of light in the body. This is enabled by a spectrum of approaches that range from innovative photosensitizer excitation strategies, increased specificity of phototoxicity, and biomodulatory approaches that amplify the biotherapeutic effects induced by photodynamic action. Along with the increasing depth of understanding of the underlying physical, chemical and physiological mechanisms, it is anticipated that with the convergence of these strategies, the clinical utility of PDT will be expanded to a powerful modality in the armamentarium for the management of cancer.

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Section: Light Delivery Strategies For Deep Tissue Pdtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond the Barriers of Light Penetration: Strategies, Perspectives and Possibilities for Photodynamic Therapy

Mallidi¹,

Anbil

Bulin³

et al. 2016

Theranostics

Self Cite

334

237

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Through spatially confined PDT action on the tumor, the disease tissue is destroyed. Figure adapted with permission from Mallidi et al 10 Optical Imaging, Photodynamic Therapy and Optically Triggered Combination Treatments, The Cancer Journal , 21 (3), p194-205. (Copyright © 2015 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Photonanomedicine: a convergence of photodynamic therapy and nanotechnology

et al. 2016

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As clinical nanomedicine has emerged over the past two decades, phototherapeutic advancements using nanotechnology have also evolved and impacted disease management. Because of unique features attributable to the light activation process of molecules, photonanomedicine (PNM) holds significant promise as a personalized, image-guided therapeutic approach for cancer and non-cancer pathologies. The convergence of advanced photochemical therapies such as photodynamic therapy (PDT) and imaging modalities with sophisticated nanotechnologies is enabling the ongoing evolution of fundamental PNM formulations, such as Visudyne®, into progressive forward-looking platforms that integrate theranostics (therapeutics and diagnostics), molecular selectivity, the spatiotemporally controlled release of synergistic therapeutics, along with regulated, sustained drug dosing. Considering that the envisioned goal of these integrated platforms is proving to be realistic, this review will discuss how PNM has evolved over the years as a preclinical and clinical amalgamation of nanotechnology with PDT. The encouraging investigations that emphasize the potent synergy between photochemistry and nanotherapeutics, in addition to the growing realization of the value of these multi-faceted theranostic nanoplatforms, will assist in driving PNM formulations into mainstream oncological clinical practice as a necessary tool in the medical armamentarium.

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“…Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinically‐approved, minimally‐invasive therapeutic procedure that utilizes photosensitizer (PS) to generate cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) for the treatment of oncologic and non‐oncological conditions . For PDT applications, the robust and comprehensive individualized dosimetry is essential for achieving satisfactory outcomes but remains a challenge, particularly for clinical translation . To date, singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) is widely recognized to be the primary cytotoxic agent with a number of clinically approved PSs, and its concentration or total amount generated in the target cells or tissues during treatment can serve as a direct indicator of the effective PDT dose delivered .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photosensitized singlet oxygen generation and detection: Recent advances and future perspectives in cancer photodynamic therapy

Lin

et al. 2016

Journal of Biophotonics

159

122

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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) uses photosensitizers and visible light in combination with molecular oxygen to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) that kill malignant cells by apoptosis and/or necrosis, shut down the tumor microvasculature and stimulate the host immune system. The excited singlet state of oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) is recognized to be the main cytotoxic ROS generated during PDT for the majority of photosensitizers used clinically and for many investigational new agents, so that maximizing its production within tumor cells and tissues can improve the therapeutic response, and several emerging and novel approaches for this are summarized. Quantitative techniques for 1 O 2 production measurement during photosensitization are also of immense importance of value for both preclinical research and future clinical practice. In this review, emerging strategies for enhanced photosensitized 1 O 2 generation are introduced, while recent advances in direct detection and imaging of 1 O 2 luminescence are summarized. In addition, the correlation between cumulative 1 O 2 luminescence and PDT efficiency will be highlighted. Meanwhile, the validation of 1 O 2 luminescence dosimetry for PDT application is also considered. This review concludes with a discussion on future demands of 1 O 2 luminescence detection for PDT dosimetry, with particular emphasis on clinical translation.Eye-catching color image for graphical abstract.

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Optical Imaging, Photodynamic Therapy and Optically Triggered Combination Treatments

Cited by 47 publications

References 93 publications

Beyond the Barriers of Light Penetration: Strategies, Perspectives and Possibilities for Photodynamic Therapy

Beyond the Barriers of Light Penetration: Strategies, Perspectives and Possibilities for Photodynamic Therapy

Photonanomedicine: a convergence of photodynamic therapy and nanotechnology

Photosensitized singlet oxygen generation and detection: Recent advances and future perspectives in cancer photodynamic therapy

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