Optical imaging in vitro provides evidence for the minicolumnar nature of cortical response

Kohn, Adam; Pinheiro, Aluísio; Tommerdahl, Mark; Whitsel, B. L.

doi:10.1097/00001756-199711100-00019

Cited by 25 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…We and others have previously shown that the IOS requires postsynaptic activation since the removal of Ca 2ϩ ions from the solution with which the slice is perfused leads to a total but reversible loss of the signal. 19,20 Similarly, the application of the glutamate receptor antagonists d-2-amino-phosphovaleric acid (D-APV, 100 mM) and 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX, 10 mM) 11 or kynurenic acid (1.5 mM) 20 leads to an almost complete block of the IOS. Thus, the IOS does not appear to reflect antidromic activity directly.…”

Section: Functional Imaging Of Cortical Connectivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies using IOS imaging in vitro have reported only on the properties of neocortical response to repetitive afferent drive delivered at the layer VI/WM border. 11,15,16,19 As a result, some confusion has arisen as to the spatial specificity of the intrinsic optical signal. However, the similarity of our images of functional cortical connectivity with those obtained using voltage-sensitive dye imaging, as well as our observation that the IOS elicited by layer VI/WM stimulation contains minicolumn-scale periodicities, 19 suggests that the IOS has substantial spatial resolution.…”

Section: Comparison With Other Anatomical Neurophysiological and Opmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24 In addition, it has been established that the IOS recorded in vitro depends on synaptic activity: both the removal of calcium ions from the solution in which the slice is bathed and the addition of glutamate receptor antagonists strongly attenuate the signal. 11,19,20 Since the IOS provides information about postsynaptic neuronal activity, it may prove to be a useful tool for investigating the spatial distribution of activity attributable to the different components of intrinsic cortical connectivity.While a number of studies have addressed the cellular mechanisms which may underlie the IOS in vitro, little work has been reported concerning the spatial characteristics of the signal. To date, IOS imaging in vitro has been used only to study the properties of neocortical response to repetitive afferent drive delivered at the layer VI/white matter (WM) border.…”

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

“…To date, IOS imaging in vitro has been used only to study the properties of neocortical response to repetitive afferent drive delivered at the layer VI/white matter (WM) border. 11,15,16,19 As a result, the spatial specificity of the signal has not been clearly established. Here we report that evaluation of the IOS elicited by applying electrical stimuli to different layers of rat sensorimotor cortex slices provides information about the spatial characteristics of the activity evoked by both inter-and intralaminar cortical connections, and about the functional expression of connections within and between different cytoarchitectonic areas.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Functional neocortical microcircuitry demonstrated with intrinsic signal optical imaging in vitro

et al. 1999

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Abstract-Intrinsic signal optical imaging was used to record the changes in light transmittance evoked by electrical stimulation in slices prepared from sensorimotor cortex of young adult rats. The spatial characteristics of the optical signal evoked by stimulation of layer II/III, IV, V, or VI were clearly different. Layer IV and V stimulation elicited a radially-oriented region of increased light transmittance which was "hourglass" shaped: its tangential extent was greatest in layers II/III and layer V, and least in layer IV. Layer VI stimulation also elicited a radially-oriented signal but the tangential extent of this signal was the same across layers II-VI-that is, it was column-shaped. Upper layer stimulation produced a signal whose tangential extent was much greater in the upper layers than its radial extent to the deeper layers. The spatial form of the stimulus-evoked intrinsic signal was not dependent on the cytoarchitectonic area in which it was elicited. The tangential and radial distribution of the signal evoked by stimulation of different layers appears to reflect the connectivity of cortex, particularly the horizontal connectivity present in layers II/III, V, and VI, and the interlaminar connections that exist between layers II/III and V and from layers VI to IV. The spatial characteristics of the intrinsic signal were independent of the strength of stimulation used. The idea that inhibitory mechanisms restrict the tangential extent of the signal was evaluated in experiments in which the intrinsic signal was recorded before and after the addition of 10 mM bicuculline methiodide. In all slices studied in this way (n 12), bicuculline methiodide drastically increased the tangential extent of the signal. In 4/12 slices, the tangential spread of the signal was asymmetric with respect to the stimulus site. Asymmetric spread of the signal occurred for both layer V and layer VI stimulation and, in 2/4 of those cases, could be attributed to a cytoarchitectonic border whose presence appeared to restrict the spread of the signal across the border. Although increasing stimulation strength did not change the spatial characteristics of the radially-oriented signal evoked by layer V or VI stimulation, at maximal stimulus intensity the signal evoked from these layers was often accompanied by a band of decreased light transmittance in the most superficial layers (layers I and II).It is concluded that in vitro intrinsic optical signal imaging allows one to image a response attributable to activation of local subsets of cortical connections. In addition, the opposite effects of high-intensity deep layer stimulation on the superficial layers vs layers III-VI of the same column raise the possibility that the most superficial layers may respond differently to repetitive input drive than the rest of the cortical column. ᭧ 1999 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.Key words: optical imaging, intrinsic signal, functional microcircuitry, somatosensory cortex.The intrinsic optical signal (IOS) is an activity-dependent cha...

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Section: Functional Imaging Of Cortical Connectivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison With Other Anatomical Neurophysiological and Opmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Functional neocortical microcircuitry demonstrated with intrinsic signal optical imaging in vitro

et al. 1999

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Morphological differences between minicolumns in human and nonhuman primate cortex

Buxhoeveden

Switala

Roy

et al. 2001

American J Phys Anthropol

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Our study performed a quantitative investigation of minicolumns in the planum temporale (PT) of human, chimpanzee, and rhesus monkey brains. This analysis distinguished minicolumns in the human cortex from those of the other nonhuman primates. Human cell columns are larger, contain more neuropil space, and pack more cells into the core area of the column than those of the other primates tested. Because the minicolumn is a basic anatomical and functional unit of the cortex, this strong evidence showed reorganization in this area of the human brain. The relationship between the minicolumn and cortical volume is also discussed.

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The Minicolumn in Comparative Context

Spocter

Raghanti

Butti

et al. 2015

Recent Advances on the Modular Organization of the Cortex

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Optical imaging in vitro provides evidence for the minicolumnar nature of cortical response

Cited by 25 publications

References 11 publications

Functional neocortical microcircuitry demonstrated with intrinsic signal optical imaging in vitro

Functional neocortical microcircuitry demonstrated with intrinsic signal optical imaging in vitro

Morphological differences between minicolumns in human and nonhuman primate cortex

The Minicolumn in Comparative Context

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