Optical Guiding in 50-Meter-Scale Air Waveguides

Goffin, A.; Larkin, Ilia; Tartaro, A.; Schweinsberg, Aaron; Valenzuela, Anthony; Rosenthal, Eric; Milchberg, H. M.

doi:10.1103/physrevx.13.011006

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…A very recent publication by Goffin, et al 10 , published since we undertook this work, showed that laser-induced filaments, forming a waveguide in air at atmospheric pressure, have lifetimes of several milliseconds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Filament-mediated disruption of laser propagation

Stacey,

Wishart,

Stace

et al. 2023

High Power Lasers: Technology and Systems, Platforms, Effects VI

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We present experimental results of the disruption of a free-space continuous wave (CW) laser beam through its interaction with a separate, ultrafast laser induced filament bundle. Break-up of the CW beam and a significant reduction of its farfield peak irradiance has been predicted by numerical modelling and confirmed by in experiments. The degree of disruption is measured in laboratory-scale tests and found to depend on pulse energy, crossing angle and filament repetition rate. Disruption is also observed to exceed that predicted by our model. These effects are quantified experimentally and compared with numerical predictions and possible explanations for discrepancies are presented and future development steps discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Filament-mediated disruption of laser propagation

Stacey,

Wishart,

Stace

et al. 2023

High Power Lasers: Technology and Systems, Platforms, Effects VI

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“…262,263 The low-density air left in the wake of a filament exhibits a lower index of refraction compared to the outer regions that persist for several milliseconds; thus, by arranging multiple filaments into an array, light can be favorably guided along the propagation axis of the filament to improve on-axis light collection efficiency beyond the limitations of the inverse-squared law. 264 Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) Throughout the NFC Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has been heavily investigated for a multitude of applications in the realm of nuclear energy production, extending throughout the entire NFC. The NFC concept refers to the lifecycle of nuclear fuel from fuel enrichment and fabrication, throughout its duration in a nuclear reactor, and up to either the recycling or disposal of the irradiated fuel in a spent nuclear fuel repository (Figure 10).…”

Section: Laser Ablation Plasma Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Radioactive Plume and Atmospheric Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Ablation Plasmas and Spectroscopy for Nuclear Applications

Kwapis,

Borrero,

Latty

et al. 2023

Appl Spectrosc

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The development of measurement methodologies to detect and monitor nuclear-relevant materials remains a consistent and significant interest across the nuclear energy, nonproliferation, safeguards, and forensics communities. Optical spectroscopy of laser-produced plasmas is becoming an increasingly popular diagnostic technique to measure radiological and nuclear materials in the field without sample preparation, where current capabilities encompass the standoff, isotopically resolved and phase-identifiable (e.g., UO and UO[Formula: see text]) detection of elements across the periodic table. These methods rely on the process of laser ablation (LA), where a high-powered pulsed laser is used to excite a sample (solid, liquid, or gas) into a luminous microplasma that rapidly undergoes de-excitation through the emission of electromagnetic radiation, which serves as a spectroscopic fingerprint for that sample. This review focuses on LA plasmas and spectroscopy for nuclear applications, covering topics from the wide-area environmental sampling and atmospheric sensing of radionuclides to recent implementations of multivariate machine learning methods that work to enable the real-time analysis of spectrochemical measurements with an emphasis on fundamental research and development activities over the past two decades. Background on the physical breakdown mechanisms and interactions of matter with nanosecond and ultrafast laser pulses that lead to the generation of laser-produced microplasmas is provided, followed by a description of the transient spatiotemporal plasma conditions that control the behavior of spectroscopic signatures recorded by analytical methods in atomic and molecular spectroscopy. High-temperature chemical and thermodynamic processes governing reactive LA plasmas are also examined alongside investigations into the condensation pathways of the plasma, which are believed to serve as chemical surrogates for fallout particles formed in nuclear fireballs. Laser-supported absorption waves and laser-induced shockwaves that accompany LA plasmas are also discussed, which could provide insights into atmospheric ionization phenomena from strong shocks following nuclear detonations. Furthermore, the standoff detection of trace radioactive aerosols and fission gases is reviewed in the context of monitoring atmospheric radiation plumes and off-gas streams of molten salt reactors. Finally, concluding remarks will present future outlooks on the role of LA plasma spectroscopy in the nuclear community.

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“…Plasma waveguides have potential applications in multiple areas of science and technology from particle acceleration and non-linear optics to plasma-based electronics, directed-energy and space propulsion [1][2][3][4]. The main advantages of a plasma as a waveguide are the extremely high damage threshold [5], the ability to guide a broad range of wavelengths [6] (from soft x-rays to terahertz), and on-demand modification of the guiding parameters [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of self-lasing radiation for characterization of plasma discharge waveguides

Kaganovich,

Petrov,

Hafizi

2023

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Naturally occurring self-lasing of a confined plasma discharge is used as a plasma diagnostic. Together with other readily measurable parameters such as discharge voltage and current, the laser radiation provides the necessary constraints for fitting the parameters of a plasma chemistry model. The model determines the plasma density, electron temperature and excited-state populations as functions of time and space and shows excellent agreement with experiments performed in a nitrogen-filled discharge tube. Plasma self-lasing has been observed in a form of a ring and has a plasma density profile that can be employed for optical guiding.

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Optical Guiding in 50-Meter-Scale Air Waveguides

Cited by 21 publications

References 42 publications

Filament-mediated disruption of laser propagation

Filament-mediated disruption of laser propagation

Laser Ablation Plasmas and Spectroscopy for Nuclear Applications

Utilization of self-lasing radiation for characterization of plasma discharge waveguides

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