Optical Frequency Multiplication by an Optical Klystron

Girard, B.; Lapierre, Y.; Ortéga, J. M.; Bazin, C.; Billardon, M.; Elleaume, P.; Bergher, M.; Velghe, M.; Pétroff, Y.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.53.2405

Cited by 112 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The CHG technique was first demonstrated at LURE where coherent radiation at 355 nm was obtained with a 1.06 µm wavelength Nd:YAG laser (corresponding harmonic number is n = 3) (Girard et al, 1984). By reducing the laser wavelength to 264 nm, intense ultrashort coherent radiation at 132 nm with peak brightness four orders of magnitude higher than the spontaneous radiation has been produced at Elettra (De Ninno et al, 2008).…”

Section: Coherent Femtosecond Radiation In Synchrotronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 which is used to imprint optical density modulations on relativistic beams. This setup is typically used for the coherent harmonic generation (CHG) (Girard et al, 1984;Kincaid et al, 1984) (see, also Section IV.D) and for high-gain harmonic generation (HGHG) in FELs . We assume an initial Gaussian beam energy distribution with an average energy E 0 and the rms energy spread σ E , and use the variable p = (E − E 0 )/σ E for the dimensionless energy deviation of a particle.…”

Section: Combination Of One Modulator and One Chicanementioning

confidence: 99%

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Beam by design: Laser manipulation of electrons in modern accelerators

et al. 2014

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Accelerator-based light sources such as storage rings and free-electron lasers use relativistic electron beams to produce intense radiation over a wide spectral range for fundamental research in physics, chemistry, materials science, biology and medicine. More than a dozen such sources operate worldwide, and new sources are being built to deliver radiation that meets with the ever increasing sophistication and depth of new research. Even so, conventional accelerator techniques often cannot keep pace with new demands and, thus, new approaches continue to emerge. In this article, we review a variety of recently developed and promising techniques that rely on lasers to manipulate and rearrange the electron distribution in order to tailor the properties of the radiation. Basic theories of electron-laser interactions, techniques to create micro-and nano-structures in electron beams, and techniques to produce radiation with customizable waveforms are reviewed. We overview laser-based techniques for the generation of fully coherent x-rays, mode-locked x-ray pulse trains, light with orbital angular momentum, and attosecond or even zeptosecond long coherent pulses in free-electron lasers. Several methods to generate femtosecond pulses in storage rings are also discussed. Additionally, we describe various schemes designed to enhance the performance of light sources through precision beam preparation including beam conditioning, laser heating, emittance exchange, and various laser-based diagnostics. Together these techniques represent a new emerging concept of "beam by design" in modern accelerators, which is the primary focus of this article CONTENTS

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Section: Coherent Femtosecond Radiation In Synchrotronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Combination Of One Modulator and One Chicanementioning

confidence: 99%

Beam by design: Laser manipulation of electrons in modern accelerators

et al. 2014

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“…12. As the FEL works in the CHG regime [3,4], the radiation power is proportional to the square of the bunching factor. One can clearly see that the frequency chirps occur in the lateral parts of the radiation pulses, which agrees with the theoretical predictions as shown in Fig.…”

Section: D Simulations For Sxfelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…that could benefit from improved temporal coherence. To meet these scientific needs, various FEL seeding schemes such as coherent harmonic generation (CHG) [3], high-gain harmonic generation (HGHG) [4], and echo-enabled harmonic generation (EEHG) [5,6] have been proposed and experimentally demonstrated [7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slippage effect on energy modulation in seeded free-electron lasers with frequency chirped seed laser pulses

Feng

Deng

Wang

et al. 2013

Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams

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Free-electron lasers (FELs) seeded with external lasers hold great promise for generating high power radiation with nearly transform-limited bandwidth in the soft x-ray region. However, it has been pointed out that the initial seed laser phase error will be amplified by the frequency up-conversion process, which may degrade the quality of the output radiation produced by a harmonic generation scheme. In this paper, theoretical and simulation studies on frequency chirp amplification in seeded FEL schemes with slippage effect taken into account are presented. It is found that the seed laser imperfection experienced by the electron beam can be significantly smoothed by the slippage effect in the modulator when the slippage length is comparable to the seed laser pulse length. This smoothing effect allows one to preserve the excellent temporal coherence of seeded FELs in the presence of large frequency chirp in the seed laser. Our studies show that the tolerance on frequency chirp in the seed laser for generating nearly transformlimited soft x-ray pulses in seeded FELs is much looser than previously thought and fully coherent radiation at nanometer wavelength may be reached with current technologies.

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“…Since the radiation process is started from the spontaneous emission which relies on the statistical distribution on the electrons, the SASE pulses are generally characterized by a limited degree of longitudinal coherence and the temporal and spectral properties can change significantly from shot to shot. FERMI has been conceived on a different scheme, called high-gain harmonic generation (HGHG) [10,11] , in which an external laser, named 'seed', interacts with the relativistic electron beam when the latter goes through an undulator, called 'modulator'. The electrons are consequently modulated in energy at the same wavelength of the seed, which is typically the third harmonic of a Ti : Sa oscillator.…”

Section: The Seeded Fel Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

How the optical timing system, the longitudinal diagnostics and the associated feedback systems provide femtosecond stable operation at the FERMI free electron laser

Ferianis

Allaria

Gaio

et al. 2016

High Pow Laser Sci Eng

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FERMI, the seeded free electron laser (FEL) in operation in Italy, is providing the User Community with unique fully coherent radiation, in the wavelength range 100-4 nm. FERMI is the first FEL fully synchronized by means of optical fibers. The optical timing system ensures an ultra-stable phase reference to its distributed clients. Several femtosecond longitudinal diagnostics verify the achieved performance; the bunch length monitor (BLM) and the bunch arrival monitor (BAM) will be presented in this paper. Feedback systems play a crucial role to guarantee the needed longterm electron beam stability. A real-time infrastructure allows shot-to-shot communication between front-end computers and the servers. Orbit feedbacks are useful in machine tuning, whereas longitudinal feedbacks control electron energy, compression and arrival time. A flexible software framework allows a rapid implementation of heterogeneous multiinput-multi-output (MIMO) longitudinal loops simply by selecting the appropriate sensors and actuators.

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Optical Frequency Multiplication by an Optical Klystron

Cited by 112 publications

References 8 publications

Beam by design: Laser manipulation of electrons in modern accelerators

Beam by design: Laser manipulation of electrons in modern accelerators

Slippage effect on energy modulation in seeded free-electron lasers with frequency chirped seed laser pulses

How the optical timing system, the longitudinal diagnostics and the associated feedback systems provide femtosecond stable operation at the FERMI free electron laser

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