Optical Fiber Sensors Based on Fiber Ring Laser Demodulation Technology

Xie, Wen-ge; Zhang, Yanan; Wang, Pengzhao; Wang, Jianzhang

doi:10.3390/s18020505

Cited by 30 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Furthermore, the detection limit of FLTS is defined by DL=RS where S is the torsion sensitivity and R is the detection resolution. From [30], R can be expressed as R=3σampl−noise2+σtemp−noise2+σspect−res2 where σampl−niose, σtemp−noise and σspect−res, respectively, denote the errors caused by amplitude noise, thermal variation, and spectral resolution. In general, σampl−niose is small enough to be ignored at room temperature and σspect−res=RW/23, where Rw<...>…”

Section: Experiments and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternatively, fiber laser sensors (FLS) with a high extinction ratio (ER) and small LW have received much attention as an effective method for improving detection limits. Additionally, FLS-based schemes have been continuously applied in the sensing of temperature, refractive index (RI), strain, and curvature [25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32]. Recently, Shi et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fiber Ring Laser Directional Torsion Sensor with Ultra-Wide Linear Response

Liu

Wang

Yang

et al. 2019

Sensors

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In this paper, a comprehensive passive torsion measurement is performed firstly in a 40-cm-long polarization maintaining fiber-based Sagnac interferometer (PMF-SI), and the non-linear torsion response is found and investigated. Then, a fiber laser torsion sensor (FLTS) with a dual-ring-cavity structure is proposed and experimentally demonstrated, in which the PMF-SI is utilized as the optical filter as well as the sensing unit. In particular, the highly sensitive linear range is adjusted through fine phase modulation, and owing to the flat-top feature of fringes, an ~83.6% sensitivity difference is effectively compressed by the generated lasing. The experimental results show that, without any pre-twisting, the ultra-wide linear response from –175 to 175 rad/m is gained, and the torsion sensitivities are 2.46 and 1.55 nm/rad with high linearity (>0.99) in the clockwise and anti-clockwise directions, respectively. Additionally, a high extinction ratio (>42 dB) and small line-width (~0.14 nm) are obtained in the proposed FLTS, and the corresponding detection limit reaches 0.015 rad/m.

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Section: Experiments and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber Ring Laser Directional Torsion Sensor with Ultra-Wide Linear Response

Liu

Wang

Yang

et al. 2019

Sensors

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“…Fabry-Perot interferometric fiber-optic sensors are discussed with applications in [411]. These are compared with Mach-Zehnder and Bragg grating [412]. SPR, optical waveguide light-mode spectroscopy, and dual polarization interferometry are discussed with respect to characterization of peptide binding, membrane-mediated events and kinetic analysis of binding mechanism [413].…”

Section: Detection Methods Reviewed and Comparedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical assessment of relevant methods in the field of biosensors with direct optical detection based on fibers and waveguides using plasmonic, resonance, and interference effects

Gauglitz

2020

Anal Bioanal Chem

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Direct optical detection has proven to be a highly interesting tool in biomolecular interaction analysis to be used in drug discovery, ligand/receptor interactions, environmental analysis, clinical diagnostics, screening of large data volumes in immunology, cancer therapy, or personalized medicine. In this review, the fundamental optical principles and applications are reviewed. Devices are based on concepts such as refractometry, evanescent field, waveguides modes, reflectometry, resonance and/or interference. They are realized in ring resonators; prism couplers; surface plasmon resonance; resonant mirror; Bragg grating; grating couplers; photonic crystals, Mach-Zehnder, Young, Hartman interferometers; backscattering; ellipsometry; or reflectance interferometry. The physical theories of various optical principles have already been reviewed in detail elsewhere and are therefore only cited. This review provides an overall survey on the application of these methods in direct optical biosensing. The "historical" development of the main principles is given to understand the various, and sometimes only slightly modified variations published as "new" methods or the use of a new acronym and commercialization by different companies. Improvement of optics is only one way to increase the quality of biosensors. Additional essential aspects are the surface modification of transducers, immobilization strategies, selection of recognition elements, the influence of non-specific interaction, selectivity, and sensitivity. Furthermore, papers use for reporting minimal amounts of detectable analyte terms such as value of mass, moles, grams, or mol/L which are difficult to compare. Both these essential aspects (i.e., biochemistry and the presentation of LOD values) can be discussed only in brief (but references are provided) in order to prevent the paper from becoming too long. The review will concentrate on a comparison of the optical methods, their application, and the resulting bioanalytical quality.

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“…When the transmitted light fundamental mode,

in the SMF, enters the MMF section, the higher-order modes

will be excited. The intensity of the transmitted light spectrum induced by the mode interference is described as [ 6 , 14 ],

where

is the fundamental mode intensity in the SMF,

is the operating peak wavelength, and

is the total number of modes excited within the MMF section.

and

are the coupling efficiency of the fundamental mode

and higher-order mode

, respectively.…”

Section: Operating Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fiber ring cavity laser-based sensor structure has appreciable advantages over other fiber-based structures including higher sensitivity, high optical SNR, and narrow 3 dB bandwidth. Fiber ring lasers combined with interferometer fiber structures have been investigated for measuring strain, temperature, refractive index, and curvature [ 5 , 6 ]. Moreover, the multimode interference fiber structure acts as both the sensing element, and the filter in the ring laser system, simultaneously.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pipeline Monitoring Using Highly Sensitive Vibration Sensor Based on Fiber Ring Cavity Laser

Lalam

Lü

Venketeswaran

et al. 2021

Sensors

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A vibration fiber sensor based on a fiber ring cavity laser and an interferometer based single-mode-multimode-single-mode (SMS) fiber structure is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The SMS fiber sensor is positioned within the laser cavity, where the ring laser lasing wavelength can be swept to an optimized wavelength using a simple fiber loop design. To obtain a better signal-to-noise ratio, the ring laser lasing wavelength is tuned to the maximum gain region biasing point of the SMS transmission spectrum. A wide range of vibration frequencies from 10 Hz to 400 kHz are experimentally demonstrated. In addition, the proposed highly sensitive vibration sensor system was deployed in a field-test scenario for pipeline acoustic emission monitoring. An SMS fiber sensor is mounted on an 18” diameter pipeline, and vibrations were induced at different locations using a piezoelectric transducer. The proposed method was shown to be capable of real-time pipeline vibration monitoring.

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Optical Fiber Sensors Based on Fiber Ring Laser Demodulation Technology

Cited by 30 publications

References 79 publications

Fiber Ring Laser Directional Torsion Sensor with Ultra-Wide Linear Response

Fiber Ring Laser Directional Torsion Sensor with Ultra-Wide Linear Response

Critical assessment of relevant methods in the field of biosensors with direct optical detection based on fibers and waveguides using plasmonic, resonance, and interference effects

Pipeline Monitoring Using Highly Sensitive Vibration Sensor Based on Fiber Ring Cavity Laser

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