Optical design of transparent metal grids for plasmonic absorption enhancement in ultrathin organic solar cells

Kim, Inho; Lee, Taek Seong; Jeong, Doo Seok; Lee, Wook Seong; Kim, Won Mok; Lee, Kyeong-Seok

doi:10.1364/oe.21.00a669

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Typically, when plasmonic electrodes are incorporated into interlayers, the hybrid metallic-interlayer structures serve as both the electron-or hole-selective layer as well as the front transparent electrode. Combined plasmonic interlayer/transparent electrode structures have typically employed 1-D 49,50,[168][169][170] or 2-D 168 gratings. In these cases, since the hybrid plasmonic electrode-interlayer serves as the transparent electrode as well, the devices benefit from both the plasmonic effects (as described in Secs.…”

Section: Plasmonic Interlayersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmonic electrodes for bulk-heterojunction organic photovoltaics: a review

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Here, we review recent progress on the integration of plasmonic electrodes into bulkheterojunction organic photovoltaic devices. Plasmonic electrodes, consisting of thin films of metallic nanostructures, can exhibit a number of optical, electrical, and morphological effects that can be exploited to improve performance parameters of ultrathin photovoltaic active layers. We review the various types of plasmonic electrodes that have been incorporated into organic photovoltaics such as nanohole, nanowire, and nanoparticle arrays and grating electrodes and their impact on various device performance parameters. The use of plasmonic back electrodes can impact device performance in a number of ways because the mechanisms of performance improvements are often a complex combination of optical, electrical, and structural effects. Inverted bulk heterojunction device architectures have been shown to benefit from the multifunctionality of plasmonic back electrodes as they can minimize space-charge effects and reduce hole carrier collection lengths in addition to providing improved light localization in the active layer. The use of semi-transparent plasmonic electrodes can also be beneficial for organic photovoltaics as they can exhibit a variety of optical properties such as light scattering, light localization, extraordinary transmission of light, and absorption-induced transparency, in addition to providing an alternative to metal oxide-based transparent electrodes. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

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Section: Plasmonic Interlayersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmonic electrodes for bulk-heterojunction organic photovoltaics: a review

et al. 2015

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“…13,14 In these studies, thickness of the active layer in OSC devices is too small and optical resonance does not occur within the device. No absorption improvement is observed for TE-polarized light.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Among them, metallic gratings have attracted much attention since the surface plasmon resonance corresponding to the metallic gratings can improve light absorption for transverse-magnetic (TM) polarized light. [9][10][11][12][13][14] However, when transverse-electric (TE) polarized light is illuminated on the metallic grating, previous research has reported that surface plasmon resonance can not be excited and optical absorption is even reduced by high reflection from the metal grating. 13,14 This letter aims to simultaneously improve optical absorption of both TE-polarized and TMpolarized light for OSCs with Ag grating used as the transparent electrode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[9][10][11][12][13][14] However, when transverse-electric (TE) polarized light is illuminated on the metallic grating, previous research has reported that surface plasmon resonance can not be excited and optical absorption is even reduced by high reflection from the metal grating. 13,14 This letter aims to simultaneously improve optical absorption of both TE-polarized and TMpolarized light for OSCs with Ag grating used as the transparent electrode. For this purpose, the structure of the grating-based OSCs is carefully designed so that microcavity resonance occurs within the devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simultaneously improving optical absorption of both transverse-electric polarized and transverse-magnetic polarized light for organic solar cells with Ag grating used as transparent electrode

Long

2014

AIP Advances

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Theoretical simulations are performed to investigate optical performance of organic solar cells with Ag grating electrode. It is demonstrated that optical absorption for both transverse-electric (TE) polarized and transverse-magnetic(TM) polarized light is simultaneously improved when compared with that for the device without the Ag grating. The improvement is respectively attributed to the resonance and the surface plasmon polaritons within the device. After an additional WO3 layer is capped on the Ag grating, absorption of TE-polarized light is further improved due to resonance of double microcavities within the device, and absorption of TM-polarized light is improved by the combined effects of the microcavity resonance and the surface plasmon polaritons. Correspondingly, the short current density for randomly polarized light is improved by 18.1% from that of the device without the Ag grating. Finally, it is demonstrated that high transmission may not be an essential prerequisite for metallic gratings when they are used as transparent electrode since absorption loss caused by low transmission can be compensated by using a capping layer to optimize optical resonance of the WMC structure within the device.

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“…This is accomplished by embedding metallic nanoparticles and nanorods into or near the active layer [4][5][6][7]. Similarly, metallic gratings on the top transport conducting layer [8,9] or on the surface of the back silver electrode [10][11][12] have been employed. In all cases, the excitation of surface plasmonic modes enhances the absorption efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Random Plasmonic Nanowire Gratings for Enhanced Light Absorption in Organic Solar Cells

Yousefi

Alighanbari

2015

Plasmonics

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The effects of random nanowire gratings on the light absorption of organic solar cells are studied. The gratings are deposited on the back silver electrode, causing the excitation of surface plasmonic modes. An advantage of such gratings is that they will not cause any blockage to the incident light; hence, they can be as dense as necessary. Using a finitedifference time-domain numerical method, several Monte Carlo experiments are tested, in two-and three-dimensional geometries. It is shown that cells with random gratings clearly outperform flat cells, i.e., cells without any gratings while their average efficiency is slightly below those of the optimized geometries. However, optimized geometries require nanoscale accurate deposition of grating nanowires and require expensive fabrication procedures. This suggests that random gratings can effectively replace nanoscale accurate geometries, with a slight tolerance of absorption efficiency.

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Optical design of transparent metal grids for plasmonic absorption enhancement in ultrathin organic solar cells

Cited by 16 publications

References 19 publications

Plasmonic electrodes for bulk-heterojunction organic photovoltaics: a review

Plasmonic electrodes for bulk-heterojunction organic photovoltaics: a review

Simultaneously improving optical absorption of both transverse-electric polarized and transverse-magnetic polarized light for organic solar cells with Ag grating used as transparent electrode

Random Plasmonic Nanowire Gratings for Enhanced Light Absorption in Organic Solar Cells

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