Optical Design in Perovskite Solar Cells

Abstract

fast development of PSCs from the perspective of architecture optimization, functional material design, [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] and interface engineering, [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] through which the charge dynamics within the device can be optimized with an efficient charge transport and suppressed charge recombination. Moreover, the perovskite film can be fabricated through solution processing, and the high quality thin film can compete with well-known photovoltaic materials such as silicon and GaAs that is processed by high temperature method or vacuum technology, in many vital material properties for photovoltaic application. [10,38] These outstanding optoelectronic properties make it an ideal choice for the nextgeneration photovoltaic devices and the application prospect of PSCs attracts extensive attention from worldwide researchers.The involved optical property of the PSCs also has a huge connection to the device performance since it affects the light absorption and photocarrier generation, which largely determines the final photocurrent and output power. [5,39,40] The composition and bandgap of perovskite can also be tuned to realize a full coverage of light absorption in the visible wavelength range. The perovskite with a direct energy band ensures a superior light absorption ability, and the required thickness of the light active materials can be reduced to construct a thin film device. [41][42][43][44] A highly efficient light management is expected for PSCs. Wang et al. [45] calculated the light distribution for the planar PSCs with a 350-nm thick CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 (MAPbI 3 ) perovskite film as the light absorber. It is unexpected that only 65% of the incident light can be absorbed by the perovskite film and the remaining loss occurs mainly due to the light escape from the device (15%) and the light reflection at the glass surface (4%). To get a better PCE, it is necessary to optimize the device architecture and maximize the light harvesting of the PSCs. The optical property also has a great impact on the device stability due to the UV light with high-energy photons in the incident solar spectra, [46,47] especially when TiO 2 is used within the PSCs. An intended optical design that enables the device with a transparent or colorful property may help expand the application of PSCs. Thus, the optical design for PSCs should not be ignored, and the optimized optical properties will further boost the device performance. To the best of our knowledge, there have been many impressive advances of optical designs in PSCs as presented by the schematic drawing in Figure 1e. In this review, we first summarize the advanced light trapping technique that is applied on the glass surface, conductive transparent substrate, electron transport layer Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have undergone an unprecedented development in the past few years and their power conversion efficiency (PCE) has reached over 23%. The conversion from light to electricity in the photovoltaic device has an...

Flexible and Self‐Powered Lateral Photodetector Based on Inorganic Perovskite CsPbI3–CsPbBr3 Heterojunction Nanowire Array

“…However, a vertical device consisting of charge transport layers and top electrodes would cause the loss of the incident light and abundant defects at the interface, degrading the device performance. [ 17–20 ] Alternatively, lateral heterojunction device can avoid the aforementioned problems. The direct light contact with active layer can reduce the light reflection and loss, and the small contact area of the heterojunction can reduce the defects.…”

Enhanced Optical Absorption in Perovskite/Si Tandem Solar Cells with Nanoholes Array

“…Perovskite solar cells are of great photovoltaic potential, and its performance has been significantly improved in just a few years. The photoelectric conversion efficiency is 3.7% in 2009, and the efficiency has been up to 25.2% up to now [8][9][10]. Perovskite is also considered to be the most promising light absorbing material for the next generation of low-cost solar cells.…”

Bilayer broadband antireflective coating to achieve planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells with 23.9% efficiency

“…Casting antireflective coating (ARC) onto the back side of the glass substrate of PSCs is a simple and practical light-management method to increase photon entry into the photoactive layers, and thereby enhances the efficiency of photovoltaics [16]. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have been widely employed as antireflective materials due to its low refractive index (<1.2).…”