Optical Design for Laser Diode Scanner Headlamp with Efficiently Distributed Optical Power for Adaptive Driving Beam System of Automobiles

Choi, Hyunbong; Lee, Wonsup; Harisha, Bairi Sri; Kim, Wan-Chin; Lim, Jiseok

doi:10.3390/app11020793

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…However, these SLM-based optics suffer problems of costliness. Moreover, due to the modulate mechanism of global lighting of pixels followed by masking, the optical power of the SLMs that has been shadowed will rapidly heat up the headlight module [ 13 ]. As a result, the optical efficiency decreases as the pixel shadow area increases, leading to a necessity for complex thermal design to prevent the ADB system from overheating damage [ 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Piezoelectric MEMS Mirror with Lissajous Scanning for Automobile Adaptive Laser Headlights

Yao

Liu

et al. 2022

Micromachines

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The emergence of smart headlights with reconfigurable light distributions that provide optimal illumination, highlight road objects, and project symbols to communicate with traffic participants further enhances road safety. Integrating all these functions in a single headlight usually suffers from issues of bulky multi-functional add-on modules with high cost or the use of conventional spatial light modulators with low optical efficiency and complex thermal design requirements. This paper presents a novel laser headlight prototype based on biaxially resonant microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) mirror light modulator for mapping blue laser patterns on phosphor plate to create structured white illumination and tunable road projection. The proposed headlight prototype system enables reconfigurable light distribution by leveraging laser beam scanning with fewer back-end lens and simple thermal design requirements. Built with thin-film lead zirconate titanate oxide (PbZrTiO3) actuators, the MEMS mirror achieved high-frequency biaxial resonance of 17.328 kHz, 4.81 kHz, and optical scan angle of 12.9°. The large mirror design of 2.0 mm facilitates more refined resolvable projection pixels, delivers more optical power, and provides moderate optical aperture to possibly serve as the common spatial light modulator of headlight and the light detection and ranging (LiDAR) towards all-in-one integration. The carefully designed bi-axial resonant frequency improves the device’s robustness by offsetting the lowest eigenmode away from the vehicle vibration. By establishing the laser headlight prototype systems of both 1D and 2D scanning modes, a mathematical model of laser modulation and MEMS electrical control principles of Lissajous scanning are proposed to tune the projection pattern density and shapes. It laid the foundation for developing a laser scanning control system with more complex project functions and prompting the application of MEMS for compact headlight system that addresses night driving visibility, eliminates glare effect, and renders interactive projection capabilities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13, 996 5 of 13 around the axis of torsion beams. The intermediate circular gimbal frame that contains the mirror plate and the actuators is supported by a pair of straight beam suspensions of 160 μm in width and 550 μm in length.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Piezoelectric MEMS Mirror with Lissajous Scanning for Automobile Adaptive Laser Headlights

Yao

Liu

et al. 2022

Micromachines

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“…They managed to attain a spot size radius of 7mm, hence obtaining a uniform laser beam cove. Authors in [2] proposed an optical scanning system wherein they suggested changing the intensity distribution from the center and the edge of the beam using a prism. Authors in [3] used a double Fabry Perot interferometer acoustic sensor to get rid of temperature drifting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Realization of Stabilizing the Output Light Power from a Laser Diode: A Practical Approach

Chughtai

2021

Eng. Technol. Appl. Sci. Res.

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Semiconductor Laser Diodes (LDs) are known for their sensitivity to variation in ambient temperature. With the rise in case temperature the threshold current of the LD increases, causing the output light power to deteriorate drastically. Therefore, it is necessary to stabilize the temperature of the diode. Various approaches could be adopted in this regard. In this paper, an active cooling approach using the temperature compensation technique has been followed and presented in the form of a full design of the circuit according to the various datasheet parameters of the LD and other components. As a result of temperature stabilization, a significant improvement in the output light power stabilization was observed and the results are presented.

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“…Those predictive technologies could also be applied in mitigating the glare issue for ADB. Choi et al [18] designed laser diode scanning to improve the resolution of ADB; combined with those additional inputs, the non-glare zone can be projected more precisely to avoid glare while maximizing illumination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Non-Glare Zone Width of Adaptive Driving Beam (ADB) Using Fuzzy Logic Control

2021

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Adaptive driving beam (ADB) is an advanced vehicle forward-lighting system that automatically adapts its beam patterns to create a non-glare zone around vehicles, providing good long-range visibility for the driver without causing an uncomfortable glare for other road users. The performance of the ADB system is affected by the non-glare zone width. A narrow non-glare zone could create indirect glare in the side rearview mirrors of preceding vehicles during sharp turns while widening it results in poor road illumination. This research studies the trade-off relationship between glare and road illumination when altering the width of the non-glare zone in different driving scenarios. The study is conducted by using virtual driving simulation tools to simulate an ADB vehicle on four S-curve roads with minimum curvatures varying from 25 m to 100 m. Lux data are collected and processed using a fuzzy logic controller to mimic a human test driver to find the best non-glare zone width for balancing the trade-off. The research developed a design methodology allowing for a better understanding of the effect adjusting the width of the ADB non-glare zone has on ADB performance and improved ADB non-glare zone width optimum control system design.

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Optical Design for Laser Diode Scanner Headlamp with Efficiently Distributed Optical Power for Adaptive Driving Beam System of Automobiles

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Piezoelectric MEMS Mirror with Lissajous Scanning for Automobile Adaptive Laser Headlights

Piezoelectric MEMS Mirror with Lissajous Scanning for Automobile Adaptive Laser Headlights

A Realization of Stabilizing the Output Light Power from a Laser Diode: A Practical Approach

Optimizing Non-Glare Zone Width of Adaptive Driving Beam (ADB) Using Fuzzy Logic Control

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