Optical decoherence and spectral diffusion in an erbium-doped silica glass fiber featuring long-lived spin sublevels

Veissier, Lucile; Falamarzi, Mohsen; Lutz, Thomas; Sağlamyürek, Erhan; Thiel, Charles W.; Cone, R. L.; Tittel, Wolfgang

doi:10.1103/physrevb.94.195138

Cited by 24 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…This feature allowed a recent demonstration of quantum memory for non-classical and entangled states of light at telecommunication wavelengths [21]. Despite the appeal of Er-doped fibres for all-fiber implementations, decoherence arising from their amorphous structure [20,22] currently restricts the resulting memories' storage times to less than one hundred nanoseconds, though improvements at ultra-low temperatures may be possible [23]. Thus, the demonstration of a telecommunication-wavelength quantum memory for non-classical light using a solid-state crystal, in particular a crystalline waveguide that can be integrated with telecommunication-industry devices (such as modulators that are realized with Ti 4+ :LiNbO 3 waveguides), is an important and yet-to-be achieved goal.…”

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confidence: 99%

Storage and Reemission of Heralded Telecommunication-Wavelength Photons Using a Crystal Waveguide

et al. 2019

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Large-scale quantum networks will employ telecommunication-wavelength photons to exchange quantum information between remote measurement, storage, and processing nodes via fibre-optic channels. Quantum memories compatible with telecommunication-wavelength photons are a key element towards building such a quantum network. Here, we demonstrate the storage and retrieval of heralded 1532 nm-wavelength photons using a solid-state waveguide quantum memory. The heralded photons are derived from a photon-pair source that is based on parametric down-conversion, and our quantum memory is based on a 6 GHz-bandwidth atomic frequency comb prepared using an inhomogeneously broadened absorption line of a cryogenically-cooled erbium-doped lithium niobate waveguide. Using persistent spectral hole burning under varying magnetic fields, we determine that the memory is enabled by population transfer into niobium and lithium nuclear spin levels. Despite limited storage time and efficiency, our demonstration represents an important step towards quantum networks that operate in the telecommunication band and the development of on-chip quantum technology using industry-standard crystals.Many efforts towards future quantum networks [1] have focused on employing photons at wavelengths in the C band (1530-1565 nm) due to the possibility of lowloss transmission using existing fiber-optic telecommunication infrastructure. Local nodes in a quantum network are envisioned to process information using (optical) chips that are comprised of (elementary) quantum computers [1], while the synchronization of information is enabled by quantum memories that store and retrieve quantum information [2]. The latter underpins the operation of quantum repeaters, which promise to transmit quantum information through lossy channels or over intercontinental distances [3].Efforts to realize long-distance quantum communication have been bolstered by the significant progress of researchers to develop of quantum-optical technology [4]. However, much of this work is not compatible with Cband photons without the use of optical frequency conversion [5]. To avoid the conversion step, efforts have focused towards quantum technology that operates in the C-band, which has resulted in the development of efficient photon detectors [6] and single-photon sources [7]. Nonetheless, a C-band quantum memory has turned out to be particularly challenging component to realize and in particular so if it is to be integrated into a solid-state platform such that it is easy to integrate with other photonics components.Significant progress towards quantum memories has been made in the last decade, with most focus on the development of optical, microwave or radio-frequency to matter interfaces [8]. One promising approach to implement quantum memory is based on cryogenicallycooled rare-earth-ion-doped crystals as they often feature long optical and spin coherence times, as well as suitable energy-level structures [9]. Achievements with rare-earth-ion-doped crystals include broadband storage...

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Storage and Reemission of Heralded Telecommunication-Wavelength Photons Using a Crystal Waveguide

et al. 2019

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“…Particularly, six-hour coherence time has been demonstrated in Eu 3+ : Y 2 SiO 5 by M. J. Zhong et al [178]. Erbium ions doped solids have attractive transition wavelengths in the telecom C-band, large inhomogeneous broadening up to THz [210][211][212] and long coherence time over 1 second [179]. This would be a remarkable material for quantum memories and quantum network [199,213,214], for which quantum frequency conversion is no more needed for long distance photon transmission.…”

Section: Puigibert Et Al Experimentally Demonstrated Entanglement Bet...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards real-world quantum networks: a review

Wei,

Jing,

Zhang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Quantum networks play an extremely important role in quantum information science, with application to quantum communication, computation, metrology and fundamental tests. One of the key challenges for implementing a quantum network is to distribute entangled flying qubits to spatially separated nodes, at which quantum interfaces or transducers map the entanglement onto stationary qubits. The stationary qubits at the separated nodes constitute quantum memories realized in matter while the flying qubits constitute quantum channels realized in photons. Dedicated efforts around the world for more than twenty years have resulted in both major theoretical and experimental progress towards entangling quantum nodes and ultimately building a global quantum network. Here, we review the development of quantum networks and the experimental progress over the past two decades leading to the current state of the art for generating entanglement of quantum nodes based on various physical systems such as single atoms, cold atomic ensembles, trapped ions, diamonds with Nitrogen-Vacancy centers, solid-state host doped with rare-earth ions, etc. Along the way we discuss the merits and compare the potential of each of these systems towards realizing a quantum network.

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“…For crystalline materials at low temperatures, the dominant interactions responsible for spectral diffusion include Stark shift fluctuations, which can arise from charge fluctuations in proximity to the ions [9,10] or on the surface of nanoparticles [11], and spin fluctuations via magnetic dipole-dipole interaction [12]. These interactions result in a time-dependent effective homogeneous linewidth, and have been investigated for rare-earth ensembles in both bulk crystals [4,5,12,13] and nanoparticles [11]. * Chunming@ustc.edu.cn Recent progress on detection of single rare-earth ions promotes their potential applications in single photon emission [8,14,15], quantum computing [16,17], and high-precision sensing [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral broadening of a single Er$^{3+}$ ion in a Si nano-transistor

Yang¹,

Wang²,

Fan³

et al. 2022

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Single rare-earth ions in solids show great potential for quantum applications, including single photon emission, quantum computing, and high-precision sensing. However, homogeneous linewidths observed for single rare-earth ions are orders of magnitude larger than the sub-kilohertz linewidths observed for ensembles in bulk crystals. The spectral broadening creates a significant challenge for achieving entanglement generation and qubit operation with single rare-earth ions, so it is critical to investigate the broadening mechanisms. We report a spectral broadening study on a single Er 3+ ion in a Si nano-transistor. The Er-induced photoionisation rate is found to be an appropriate quantity to represent the optical transition probability for spectroscopic studies, and the single ion spectra display a Lorentzian lineshape at all optical powers in use. Spectral broadening is observed at relatively high optical powers and is caused by spectral diffusion on a fast time scale.

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Optical decoherence and spectral diffusion in an erbium-doped silica glass fiber featuring long-lived spin sublevels

Cited by 24 publications

References 28 publications

Storage and Reemission of Heralded Telecommunication-Wavelength Photons Using a Crystal Waveguide

Storage and Reemission of Heralded Telecommunication-Wavelength Photons Using a Crystal Waveguide

Towards real-world quantum networks: a review

Spectral broadening of a single Er$^{3+}$ ion in a Si nano-transistor

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