Optical Clearing of the Mouse Central Nervous System Using Passive CLARITY

Roberts, Dustin G.; Johnsonbaugh, Hadley; Spence, Rory; MacKenzie-Graham, Allan

doi:10.3791/54025

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…In an unbiased manner, it allows subdividing the animal into genetically defined regions for which quantitative information can be extracted. Our technique is transferrable to other species that are transparent or amenable to whole-body imaging via tissue-clearing methods (31).…”

Section: Discussion Cellular-resolution Expression Atlases For Complementioning

confidence: 99%

Whole-organism cellular gene-expression atlas reveals conserved cell types in the ventral nerve cord of Platynereis dumerilii

Vergara

Bertucci

Hantz

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The comparative study of cell types is a powerful approach toward deciphering animal evolution. To avoid selection biases, however, comparisons ideally involve all cell types present in a multicellular organism. Here, we use image registration and a newly developed "Profiling by Signal Probability Mapping" algorithm to generate a cellular resolution 3D expression atlas for an entire animal. We investigate three-segmented young worms of the marine annelid Platynereis dumerilii, with a rich diversity of differentiated cells present in relatively low number. Starting from whole-mount expression images for close to 100 neural specification and differentiation genes, our atlas identifies and molecularly characterizes 605 bilateral pairs of neurons at specific locations in the ventral nerve cord. Among these pairs, we identify sets of neurons expressing similar combinations of transcription factors, located at spatially coherent anterior-posterior, dorsal-ventral, and mediallateral coordinates that we interpret as cell types. Comparison with motor and interneuron types in the vertebrate neural tube indicates conserved combinations, for example, of cell types cospecified by Gata1/2/3 and Tal transcription factors. These include V2b interneurons and the central spinal fluid-contacting Kolmer-Agduhr cells in the vertebrates, and several neuron types in the intermediate ventral ganglionic mass in the annelid. We propose that Kolmer-Agduhr cell-like mechanosensory neurons formed part of the mucociliary sole in protostome-deuterostome ancestors and diversified independently into several neuron types in annelid and vertebrate descendants.gene-expression atlas | evo-devo | cell-type evolution | Kolmer-Agduhr cells | ProSPr

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Section: Discussion Cellular-resolution Expression Atlases For Complementioning

confidence: 99%

Whole-organism cellular gene-expression atlas reveals conserved cell types in the ventral nerve cord of Platynereis dumerilii

Vergara

Bertucci

Hantz

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…As a reactive water-soluble chemical, ACR impairs the growth and leads to central-peripheral distal axonopathy and myelinopathy in ACR-intoxicated rats. 26 – 28 It was found that ACR-intoxicated rats exhibited weight loss and behavioral impairment compared with the control group. This effect was attenuated once the rats were treated with ACR, as shown in previous studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taurine attenuates acrylamide-induced axonal and myelinated damage through the Akt/GSK3β-dependent pathway

Sun

Wang

et al. 2018

Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol

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Acrylamide (ACR), formed during the Maillard reaction induced by high temperature in food processing, is one of the main causes of neurodegenerative diseases. Taurine, a free intracellular β-amino acid, is characterized by many functions, including antioxidation, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. This promotes its application in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, the neuroprotective effects of taurine against ACR-induced neurotoxicity and the potential underlying mechanisms were explored. Rats were intoxicated with ACR and injected with taurine in different groups for totally 2 weeks between January and July 2017. Electron microscopic analysis was used to observe the changes in tissues of the rats. Meanwhile, the levels of proteins including p-Akt, p-GSK3β, SIM312, and MBP were detected by Western blot. Furthermore, the GSK3β phosphorylation in taurine-treated dorsal root ganglion (DRG) with ACR was examined in the presence of the Akt inhibitor, MK-2206. The analysis of behavioral performances and electron micrographs indicated that taurine treatment significantly attenuated the toxic manifestations induced by ACR and stimulated the growth of axons and the medullary sheath, which was associated with the activation of the Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway. Mechanistically, it was found that taurine activated GSK3β, leading to significant recovery of the damage in ACR-induced sciatic nerves. Furthermore, MK-2206, an inhibitor of Akt, was applied in DRG cells, suggesting that taurine-induced GSK3β phosphorylation was Akt dependent. Our findings demonstrated that taurine attenuated ACR-induced neuropathy in vivo, in an Akt/GSK3β-dependent manner. This confirmed the treatment with taurine to be a novel strategy against ACR-induced neurotoxicity.

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“… Medium (1–2 w) Y ? ( Treweek et al., 2015 ) PARS Hydrogel + SDS S Whole mouse, human tumor tissue Shrinkage Medium Y N ( Lai et al., 2018 ) Passive CLARITY Nanoparticles S Mouse brain and spinal cord Shrinkage Very long Y N ( Roberts et al., 2016 ) PEGASOS Polyethylene glycol, 20% EDTA, 25% N, N,N', N'-Tetrakis (2-hydroxypropyl) ethylenediamine, ammonium, PEGMMA, BB O Whole adult mouse body including bones but excluding pigmented epithelium Shrinkage of soft tissues Medium (7–12 d) Y N ( Jing et al., 2018 ) ReagentF 2,2′,2″NItriloetahnol/Triethanolamide formamide A Neonatal mouse brain ? Fast (1 d) ?…”

Section: Transparency and Tissue Clearing Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomedical Applications of Tissue Clearing and Three-Dimensional Imaging in Health and Disease

et al. 2020

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Summary Three-dimensional (3D) optical imaging techniques can expand our knowledge about physiological and pathological processes that cannot be fully understood with 2D approaches. Standard diagnostic tests frequently are not sufficient to unequivocally determine the presence of a pathological condition. Whole-organ optical imaging requires tissue transparency, which can be achieved by using tissue clearing procedures enabling deeper image acquisition and therefore making possible the analysis of large-scale biological tissue samples. Here, we review currently available clearing agents, methods, and their application in imaging of physiological or pathological conditions in different animal and human organs. We also compare different optical tissue clearing methods discussing their advantages and disadvantages and review the use of different 3D imaging techniques for the visualization and image acquisition of cleared tissues. The use of optical tissue clearing resources for large-scale biological tissues 3D imaging paves the way for future applications in translational and clinical research.

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Optical Clearing of the Mouse Central Nervous System Using Passive CLARITY

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Whole-organism cellular gene-expression atlas reveals conserved cell types in the ventral nerve cord of Platynereis dumerilii

Whole-organism cellular gene-expression atlas reveals conserved cell types in the ventral nerve cord of Platynereis dumerilii

Taurine attenuates acrylamide-induced axonal and myelinated damage through the Akt/GSK3β-dependent pathway

Biomedical Applications of Tissue Clearing and Three-Dimensional Imaging in Health and Disease

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