“…The doping processes are carried out to improve the required properties of the produced materials. In the literature, the use of Eu [10][11][12], Ta [13], Zr [14], Ce [15], Tb [16], Sm [17] and carbonate [18] as the dopants for the ClAp have been reported. Zhang et al [16] synthesized Eu 3+ /Tb 3+ co-doped ClAp by conventional solid-state synthesis method.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Zhang et al [16] synthesized Eu 3+ /Tb 3+ co-doped ClAp by conventional solid-state synthesis method. Kim et al [17] investigated the photoluminescence properties of Eu 3+ and Sm 3+ doped ClAp at different sintering temperatures. In the present study, we investigated Ti-doped ClAp structures for the first time, as well as we know.…”
The apatite family stands as a pivotal class of inorganic compounds with diverse elemental components, playing a crucial role in biological, environmental, and geological contexts. Among these, chlorapatite (ClAp) emerges as a significant member, featuring a hexagonal structure with the space group P63/m. In this theoretical study, we delve into the unexplored realm of Ti-doped ClAp structures, investigating their electronic and structural characteristics for the first time. Motivated by the potential impact of titanium (Ti) doping on electronic and optical properties, we employ density functional theory (DFT) principles to perform band structure calculations. The electronic band structure is explored comprehensively, shedding light on the energy distribution for electrons as a function of momentum. Our calculations reveal that un-doped ClAp exhibits an insulating nature, as indicated by a calculated band gap of approximately 4.947 eV. The theoretical volume parameter closely matches experimental observations, validating the reliability of our computational model. Introducing Ti as a dopant in 1.2TiClAp results in a discernible increase in the band gap to approximately 5.339 eV. The theoretical volume parameter exhibits excellent agreement with experimental data, emphasizing the precision of our calculations. For 2.4TiClAp, the band gap remains stable at around 5.344 eV, while the theoretical volume parameter stands at 0.5260 nm3. Our systematic exploration of Ti-doped ClAp underscores the tunability of electronic properties, signifying potential applications across diverse fields. The reliability of theoretical calculations is further affirmed by the consistent alignment with experimental parameters. These findings contribute significantly to our fundamental understanding of Ti-doped ClAp, providing crucial insights for material design and optimization. Ongoing collaborative efforts between theoretical and experimental approaches are essential for a comprehensive assessment of these complex materials.
“…The doping processes are carried out to improve the required properties of the produced materials. In the literature, the use of Eu [10][11][12], Ta [13], Zr [14], Ce [15], Tb [16], Sm [17] and carbonate [18] as the dopants for the ClAp have been reported. Zhang et al [16] synthesized Eu 3+ /Tb 3+ co-doped ClAp by conventional solid-state synthesis method.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Zhang et al [16] synthesized Eu 3+ /Tb 3+ co-doped ClAp by conventional solid-state synthesis method. Kim et al [17] investigated the photoluminescence properties of Eu 3+ and Sm 3+ doped ClAp at different sintering temperatures. In the present study, we investigated Ti-doped ClAp structures for the first time, as well as we know.…”
The apatite family stands as a pivotal class of inorganic compounds with diverse elemental components, playing a crucial role in biological, environmental, and geological contexts. Among these, chlorapatite (ClAp) emerges as a significant member, featuring a hexagonal structure with the space group P63/m. In this theoretical study, we delve into the unexplored realm of Ti-doped ClAp structures, investigating their electronic and structural characteristics for the first time. Motivated by the potential impact of titanium (Ti) doping on electronic and optical properties, we employ density functional theory (DFT) principles to perform band structure calculations. The electronic band structure is explored comprehensively, shedding light on the energy distribution for electrons as a function of momentum. Our calculations reveal that un-doped ClAp exhibits an insulating nature, as indicated by a calculated band gap of approximately 4.947 eV. The theoretical volume parameter closely matches experimental observations, validating the reliability of our computational model. Introducing Ti as a dopant in 1.2TiClAp results in a discernible increase in the band gap to approximately 5.339 eV. The theoretical volume parameter exhibits excellent agreement with experimental data, emphasizing the precision of our calculations. For 2.4TiClAp, the band gap remains stable at around 5.344 eV, while the theoretical volume parameter stands at 0.5260 nm3. Our systematic exploration of Ti-doped ClAp underscores the tunability of electronic properties, signifying potential applications across diverse fields. The reliability of theoretical calculations is further affirmed by the consistent alignment with experimental parameters. These findings contribute significantly to our fundamental understanding of Ti-doped ClAp, providing crucial insights for material design and optimization. Ongoing collaborative efforts between theoretical and experimental approaches are essential for a comprehensive assessment of these complex materials.
“…reducing the hygroscopicity and studying the optical properties of Y 2 Mo 3 O 12 . RE-activated phosphors have been actively studied for the application in light-emitting diodes because of their chemical stability and relatively simple preparation conditions. Recently we have reported on the structures and optical properties of RE-doped apatites Ca 5 (PO 4 ) 3 Cl [30,31] and phosphates [32]. Trivalent samarium (Sm 3+ ) is applied as an activator for lots of phosphors that have red-orange emission arising from its 4 G 5/2 → 6 H J (J = 5/2, 7/2, and 9/2) transitions.…”
Negative thermal expansion materials have been studied in various types of functional materials regardless of their intriguing physical properties. In this study, by introducing Sm 3+ ions into the Y 2 Mo 3 O 12 lattice, the hygroscopicity is reduced. Y 2 Mo 3 O 12 :xSm 3+ (x = 0.000 ~ 0.300) have been synthesized by using the solid-state reaction method, and their structures have been studied by using thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectrometry, FT-IR spectroscopy, and nano-SIMS. It is found that the Y 2 Mo 3 O 12 :Sm 3+ is formed in the orthorhombic [Y 2 Mo 3 O 12 ] phase for lower Sm 3+ concentrations and samarium molybdates [Sm 2 MoO 5 ] and [Sm 2 Mo 3 O 12 ] at higher Sm 3+ concentration samples. Elemental distribution images captured by using a nano-SIMS confirm the existence of [Sm 2 MoO 5 ] and [Sm 2 Mo 3 O 12 ] phases clearly. Additional phases due to the introducing of Sm 3+ ions confirm the reduction of atmospheric moisture. Photophysical properties obtained by using absorption and emission spectra reveal that the hygroscopicity-reduced Y 2 Mo 3 O 12 :Sm 3+ can be a possible orange-red-emitting phosphor with the near ultra-violet excitation.
“…Este modelo de cavitación desarrollado por Günter H. Schnerr y Jürgen Sauer (Schnerr & Sauer, 2001), resulta especialmente interesante por ser el primer modelo que plantea una ecuación de transporte que no depende de ninguna constante experimental:…”
Section: Schnerr-sauerunclassified
“…El desarrollo del modelo se ha llevado a cabo mediante Fluent 19.2, puesto que en este software la transferencia de masa en los modelos de cavitación se calcula utilizando modificaciones de la ecuación de Rayleigh-Plesset, y a la vez existen 3 modelos diferentes para determinar la fracción másica de líquido-gas producida. Estos 3 modelos utilizados en Fluent son Schnerr-Sauer (Schnerr & Sauer, 2001), Singhal o Full Cavitation Mode (Singhal et al, 2002) y Zwart-Gerber-Belamri (Zwart et al, 2004) los cuales han sido explicados en detalle en el apartado 2.2.4. Además, este software permite el desarrollo de mallas 2D, lo que reduce sustancialmente los tiempos de cálculo en sistemas que pueden ser simplificados a un comportamiento hidrodinámico en el plano (como es el caso particular del Venturi).…”
Section: Simulación De Un Dispositivo Venturiunclassified
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.