Optical bistability in strong-coupling cavity QED with a few atoms

Dombi, András; Vukics, András; Domokos, P.

doi:10.1088/0953-4075/46/22/224010

Cited by 31 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…A notable effect predicted by mean-field descriptions of driven-dissipative models is that of bistability [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. Here the existence of two distinct NESS is observed in a particular parameter regime, with the actual state obtained depending on the history of the system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…For nonequilibrium systems the situation is quite different. Even though mean-field calculations offer a first step to help uncover the intricate dynamics taking place, and have been used in several recent studies of driven-dissipative models [9][10][11][12][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28], it is not clear that they can provide even a qualitatively correct physical description. Furthermore, reasoning based on the Ginzburg criterion, according to which equilibrium critical phenomena are correctly described by mean-field theory above a critical spatial dimension [17], cannot be relied upon in nonequilibrium settings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Beyond mean-field bistability in driven-dissipative lattices: Bunching-antibunching transition and quantum simulation

et al. 2016

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In the present work we investigate the existence of multiple nonequilibrium steady states in a coherently-driven XY lattice of dissipative two-level systems. A commonly-used mean-field ansatz, in which spatial correlations are neglected, predicts a bistable behavior with a sharp shift between low-and high-density states. In contrast one-dimensional matrix product methods reveal these effects to be artifacts of the mean-field approach, with both disappearing once correlations are taken fully into account. Instead a bunching-antibunching transition emerges. This indicates that alternative approaches should be considered for higher spatial dimensions, where classical simulations are currently infeasible. Thus we propose a circuit QED quantum simulator implementable with current technology, to enable an experimental investigation of the model considered.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond mean-field bistability in driven-dissipative lattices: Bunching-antibunching transition and quantum simulation

et al. 2016

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“…Since, however, the switching time between the stable solutions diverges with the system size [28,29], the Maxwell-Bloch equations describe well how large systems evolve dynamically for experimentally observable time scales. The natural question to ask in this specific context is thus how many spins are required to constitute an ensemble that is sufficiently "large" to enter the thermodynamic limit where the semiclassical solutions are sufficiently accurate to describe the dynamics of this quantum system close to the bistability region [30,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical phenomena and nonlinear dynamics in a spin ensemble strongly coupled to a cavity. II. Semiclassical-to-quantum boundary

2019

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We numerically study the dynamics and stationary states of a spin ensemble strongly coupled to a single-mode resonator subjected to loss and external driving. Employing a generalized cumulant expansion approach we analyze finite-size corrections to a semiclassical description of amplitude bistability, which is a paradigm example of a driven-dissipative phase transition. Our theoretical model allows us to include inhomogeneous broadening of the spin ensemble and to capture in which way the quantum corrections approach the semiclassical limit for increasing ensemble size N . We set up a criterion for the validity of the Maxwell-Bloch equations and show that close to the critical point of amplitude bistability even very large spin ensembles consisting of up to 10 4 spins feature significant deviations from the semiclassical theory.

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“…Recent theoretical studies also highlight the importance of metastable states in the understanding of a driven dissipative phase transition [18][19][20] and the geometrical nature of the metastable dynamics [21]. Strong coupling of a single spin or spin ensemble to the cavity leads to the emergence of a rich variety of other intriguing phenomena like the breakdown of the photon blockade for increasing drive power [22,23], the bistability effect for just a few atoms [25] or for extremely low saturation photon numbers [24] as well as bistable versus metastable behavior in driven dissipative Rydberg gases [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical phenomena and nonlinear dynamics in a spin ensemble strongly coupled to a cavity. I. Semiclassical approach

2019

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We present a theoretical study on the nonlinear dynamics and stationary states of an inhomogeneously broadened spin ensemble coupled to a single-mode cavity driven by an external drive with constant amplitude. Assuming a sizeable number of constituents within the ensemble allows us to use a semiclassical approach and to formally reduce the theoretical description to the Maxwell-Bloch equations for the cavity and spin amplitudes. We explore the critical slowing-down effect, quench dynamics, and asymptotic behavior of the system near a steady-state dissipative phase transition accompanied by a bistability effect. Some of our theoretical findings have recently been successfully verified in a specific experimental realization based on a spin ensemble of negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond strongly coupled to a single-mode microwave cavity (see Science Adv. 3, e1701626 (2017)).

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Optical bistability in strong-coupling cavity QED with a few atoms

Cited by 31 publications

References 31 publications

Beyond mean-field bistability in driven-dissipative lattices: Bunching-antibunching transition and quantum simulation

Beyond mean-field bistability in driven-dissipative lattices: Bunching-antibunching transition and quantum simulation

Critical phenomena and nonlinear dynamics in a spin ensemble strongly coupled to a cavity. II. Semiclassical-to-quantum boundary

Critical phenomena and nonlinear dynamics in a spin ensemble strongly coupled to a cavity. I. Semiclassical approach

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