Optical bistability and multistability via the effect of spontaneously generated coherence in a three-level ladder-type atomic system

Phase-dependent optical bistability and multistability in a semiconductor quantum well system

“…One of the interesting phenomena, the optical bistability (OB) in multilevel atoms confined in an optical cavity [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34], has been the subject of many recent studies because of its potential wide applications in all-optical switches, memories, transistors, and logic circuits [35][36][37][38]. These studies show that one can control the bistable threshold intensity and the hysteresis loop via different approaches such as the field-induced transparency [23], the amplitude fluctuation of the driven field [24,25], the injection of squeezed light [26][27][28], the spontaneously generated coherence [29][30][31][32], the atomic cooperation parameter [33], the use of a low-frequency driven field [34], and so on.…”

“…Later on, Arecchi et al [43] reported that not only the tristability but also higher-order bistability can be achieved by including the effect of ground-state coherence. Recently, some new schemes for optical multistability in multilevel atoms confined in an optical cavity have been studied experimentally [20] and theoretically [29,31,33,34]. For instance, Xiao groups [20] reported an experimental scheme in a three-level 4-type rubidium atomic system, and they found that the observed multistability is very sensitive to the induced atomic coherence in the system and can evolve from a normal bistable behavior with the change of the coupling field as well as the atomic number density.…”

“…Li et al [33] analyzed a theoretical scheme in a generic N-type atomic system driven by a degenerate probe field and a coherent coupling field, they showed that the hybrid multistability can be observed under the appropriate detuning. Of course, the other schemes for realizing the optical multistability are also studied [29,31,34].…”

Effect of Incoherent Pumping on Phase??qdependent Absorption Property of Atomic Systems

“…[2][3][4][5][6][7]. It has been shown that atomic systems with VIC are sensitive to the relative phase of the applied fields [8][9][10][11]. Niu [12] has shown that the incoherent pumping plays a very important role and gives the necessary condition of the realization of lasing without inversion (LWI) in a closed ladder system without VIC.…”

Atom position measurement in a four-level Lambda-shaped scheme with twofold lower-levels

“…Also, a number of quantum optical phenomena based on quantum coherence and quantum interference have studied (Harris 1989;Wu and Yang 2005;Li et al 2011;Wang and Yu 2012;Hamedi 2014;Wu and Yang 2007;Wu 2005;Hamedi et al 2014;Bai et al 2010;Wang et al 2013;Hamedi 2015;Wu and Yang 2004;Hamedi et al 2013;Hamedi 2014;Ou et al 2009;Han et al 2011;Yang et al 2008;Ding et al 2010;Zhang et al 2013;Wu and Yang 2007;Wu et al 1999;Wang et al 2012;Yang et al 2009;Li et al 2006Li et al , 2008Li 2007;Zhang et al 2012;Cheng et al 2004). There exist various one dimensional (1D) and two dimensional (2D) schemes for atom and electron localization properties of media by monitoring spontaneous emission spectrum and by monitoring absorption of a weak probe field (Sahrai et al 2005;Kapale and Zubairy 2006;Xu et al 2008;Li et al 2011;Ding et al 2011;Wang and Yu 2014;Ding et al 2011a, b;Zhang et al 2014;Hamedi 2014;Wang et al 2013).…”