Optical attenuation in pure and doped fused silica in the ir wavelength region

Izawa, T.; Shibata, Nori; Takeda, Akitsu

doi:10.1063/1.89468

Cited by 135 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Fibers with different core sizes and a similar index profile also give comparable edges to the SC spectrum, which downplays the significance of the bend-induced loss. The loss in this HiNL fiber is measured (Fig.4b) and shows consistency with the published loss of fused silica fiber due to vibrational absorption, which increases to ~40 dB/m around 3.0 µm [5]. Therefore, the SC spectrum at the long wavelength side is believed to result from the intrinsic loss in the silica fiber.…”

supporting

confidence: 57%

Super-continuum generation to 3 μm in fused silica fiber with nanosecond diode pumping

Xia

Kumar

Kulkarni

et al. 2006

2006 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics and 2006 Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference

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Using a two-stage design with ~1 m standard fiber followed by 10 cm of highnonlinearity, fused silica fiber, super-continuum is generated from ~0.8 to 3.0 µm using amplified 2 ns laser diode pulses.Super-continuum (SC) is generated with a continuous spectrum from ~0.8 µm to 3.0 µm and with a peak power density of ~-18 dBm/nm in fused silica fibers. The pump for this SC uses 2 ns pulses from a laser diode, which is amplified by a multi-stage erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA). The nanosecond pulses are broken up into femtosecond pulses through modulation instabilities (MI) in ~1 m length of standard single mode fiber (SMF), and then the SC is broadened by self-phase modulation (SPM) in ~10 cm length of dispersion-shifted, highly nonlinear (HiNL) fiber. The conversion efficiency from the pump power to the SC exceeds 50%, and the average power in the SC is ~22 mW. We confirm that the long wavelength edge of the SC is limited by the vibrational absorption in the fused silica material.SC covering the near and mid-infrared wavelength regime is important for numerous applications, such as spectral fingerprinting and optical coherence tomography. The broadband SC generation usually requires pumping with picosecond or femtosecond pulses. For example, femtosecond lasers have been used to generate SC from 0.85 µm to 2.6 µm [1]. On the other hand, nanosecond pumping has generated a SC with spectrum from 0.65 µm to 1.8 µm [2]. Our experiments, which use nanosecond laser diode pulses that are amplified in EDFA, lead to a simple system to generate SC out to 3 µm.MI is used in the experiments to simplify the pump, and short fiber lengths permit the long wavelength edge to reach 3 µm. By pumping the silica fiber in anomalous regime, MI phase matches and can break up nanosecond pulses into femtosecond pulses [3,4]. These femtosecond pulses can initiate SC generation through SPM nonlinearity [3]. By using MI, the need of femtosecond lasers can be eliminated. Short lengths of fibers can also lead to broadband SC because the long wavelength edge is limited by the intrinsic loss in the fiber.The experimental setup is illustrated in Fig.1. A distributed feedback (DFB) laser diode is driven by a pulse generator to provide the 1553 nm seed light with 2 ns pulse width at 5 kHz repetition rate. An E-O modulator synchronized to the pulse generator and a bandpass filter are used to suppress the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE). The light is boosted up in the final stage EDFA to a peak power approaching ~4 kW and average power of 40 mW without significant nonlinear effects. Extra-dried HiNL fibers are obtained from Corning, Inc. with a zero dispersion wavelength (ZDW) at 1544 nm. SC spectrum ranging from 700 nm to 1700 nm is measured by an optical spectrum analyzer (OSA), while the long wavelength side is acquired by a grating spectrometer followed by a TE cooled InAs detector. 0 .8 1 .2 1 .6 2 .0 2 .4 2 .8 3 .2 -6 0 -5 0 -4 0 -3 0 -2 0 -1 0 0 Spectral power density /(dBm/nm) W a v e le n g th /µ m P o w e r= 4 0 0 0 W Fig.1 Experimental...

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confidence: 57%

Super-continuum generation to 3 μm in fused silica fiber with nanosecond diode pumping

Xia

Kumar

Kulkarni

et al. 2006

2006 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics and 2006 Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference

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“…The tails of the multi-phonon components at 2015, 2150, 2350, and 2405 cm -I , Table I, extend from about 1950 to 2600 cmThis spread covers the infrared absorption region in fused silica for which bands between 3.8 and 5 .pm (13 ) have been reported and assigned to two-,.three-, and four-phonon combinations of silica fundamentals. In the region above 2.0 m, the transmission loss of doped silica fibers is known to increase by several orders of magnitude because of multi-phonon combinations involving (13-15) silica fundamentals.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Model analysis of the Raman spectrum from fused silica optical fibers

Walrafen

Krishnan

1982

Appl. Opt.

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“…(2) and (3) are the standards when the primary consideration is the glass stability. In (3), attention must be paid to the increase in infrared absorption losses [45] when a lot of B 2 O 3 is used, and the possibility of increasing R c depending on the combinations of Mg, Ca, and Al when multiple components are used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical properties of multicomponent oxide glasses and glass fibers

Tsujikawa

Ohashi

Tajima

2003

Electron. Comm. Jpn. Pt. I

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SUMMARYWe experimentally studied the optical properties of multicomponent oxide glasses that contain metallic components, such as potassium and sodium, and their glass fibers. The Rayleigh scattering coefficients of glasses such as Na 2 O-B 2 O 3 -SiO 2 (NBS), K 2 O-MgO-SiO 2 (KMS), K 2 ONa 2 O-MgO-SiO 2 (KNMS) are smaller than that of pure quartz glass. In particular, the Rayleigh scattering coefficient of KNMS glass was significantly lower at 38% of the value for pure quartz glass. This is believed to be the result of suppressing the composition fluctuations of KNMS glass by the mixed alkali effect. Furthermore, we studied the absorption properties of OH group impurities included in multicomponent oxide glasses. In particular, we fabricated NAS glass fibers that substituted the OH group impurity with an OD group (deuterium) by the double crucible method and verified a loss reduction of about 800 dB/km at the 1.55-µm wavelength. Through these studies, we clearly showed that the absorption losses of the OH group that hydrogen bonds to nonbridging oxygen clearly affected the increase in the 1.55-µm band loss in multicomponent oxide glass fibers.

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Optical attenuation in pure and doped fused silica in the ir wavelength region

Cited by 135 publications

References 7 publications

Super-continuum generation to 3 μm in fused silica fiber with nanosecond diode pumping

Super-continuum generation to 3 μm in fused silica fiber with nanosecond diode pumping

Model analysis of the Raman spectrum from fused silica optical fibers

Optical properties of multicomponent oxide glasses and glass fibers

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Optical attenuation in pure and doped fused silica in the ir wavelength region

Cited by 135 publications

References 7 publications

Super-continuum generation to 3 &#x03BC;m in fused silica fiber with nanosecond diode pumping

Super-continuum generation to 3 &#x03BC;m in fused silica fiber with nanosecond diode pumping

Model analysis of the Raman spectrum from fused silica optical fibers

Optical properties of multicomponent oxide glasses and glass fibers

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Product

Resources

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Super-continuum generation to 3 μm in fused silica fiber with nanosecond diode pumping

Super-continuum generation to 3 μm in fused silica fiber with nanosecond diode pumping