Optical and Wireless Convergence for 5G Networks

Abstract

In the current mobile networking regime, cellular service providers are continuously facing bandwidth constraints due the ever-growing demand for mobile services. As future emerging services become more rich in content, their QoS requirements become more stringent in terms of delivering high quality, low latency, and high bandwidth connectivity. This trend provided the impetus for 5th Generation (5G) cellular networks that are anticipated to be deployed in the coming years. A distinguishing feature for 5G is the use of millimetre wave technology as a means towards harnessing more available bandwidth. This places new design requirements on the antenna technology in terms of miniaturisation and multimode connectivity. This chapter describes a family of future antennas for 5G wireless mobile communication. These antennas constitute a rectangular patch element printed over 0.8mm RF4 substrate. The antennas have a simple structural layout and have low profile with overall volume of 5x5x0.8mm 3 .For bandwidth improvement purpose, a defected ground plane (DGP) approach was implemented, which demonstrated a broadband impedance response in the millimetre wave (mmW) spectrum from 30GHz to 45GHz, covering Ka band. Furthermore, an L-shaped slot was inserted over the right bottom corner of the patch in order to generate a notched-band feature at 40GHz. To tune this rejected band, a lumped capacitor was attached on a appropriate location over the slot. The proposed antennas have good performance in terms of return loss, bandwidth coverage, antenna gain, and high efficiency over the entire frequency range.