Optical Absorption of Polyvinyl Alcohol Films Doped with Nickel Chloride

Abdullah, Omed Gh.; Saber, Dlear R.

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.110-116.177

Cited by 27 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The figure shows that the transmittance increases with the increase in wavelength for all the films. It is clear that the transmittance decreased after annealing for all the films and this result is in agreement with previous reports [6][7][8]. Figure (2) shows the absorption spectra of (PVA-CuCl) films with 2 and 10 wt% concentrations of CuCl salt as a function of the wavelength before and after annealing.…”

Section: -Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…This behavior is similar to (n) and (k) because (ε 1 ) depends on (n 2 ) due to low value of (k 2 ), while (ε 2 ) is dependent on (k) value which depends on the (α). The real and imaginary parts of dielectric constant indicate the same pattern and the values of real part are higher than the values of imaginary part [6,8]. …”

Section: -Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The shift in the absorption edge with the heat treatment is explained by a change in the defect structure of solids. This states in the band structure is responsible for the low values of energy gap (E g ) [14], and also because the reduction of the band gap of these films after thermal treatment and shifting the absorption properties of these organic molecules to lower energy often give rise to stability problems to oxidation [6]. shows the values of energy gap (E g ) for the allowed indirect transition of (PVA-CuCl) films with 2 and 10 wt% concentrations of CuCl salt before and after annealing.…”

Section: -Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Annealing on the Optical Properties of (PVA-CuCl) Composites

Salman

Bakr

Jwameer

2016

ILCPA

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ABSTRACT. Films of polymer (polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)) doped with CuCl salt at different concentrations (2 and 10) wt% were prepared using casting technique. The optical properties of the films were studied after annealing. The transmission and absorption spectra have been recorded in the wavelength range of (300-1100) nm. The effect of annealing on the optical properties for (PVACuCl) films with different concentrations (2 and 10) wt% of copper chloride salt shows that the transmittance decreased after annealing for all the films. The optical constants (absorption coefficient, refractive index, extinction coefficient, real and imaginary parts of dielectric constant) for all the films are affected by annealing. The energy gap (E g ) of all the films decreased after annealing. 1-INTRODUCTIONPolymers have existed in natural form since life began and those such as DNA, RNA, proteins and polysaccharides play crucial roles in plant and animal life. From the earliest times, man has exploited naturally-occurring polymers as materials for providing clothing, decoration, shelter, tools, weapons, writing materials and other requirements [1].The properties of polymer-mineral reinforced composites are determined by the component properties (particle shape, surface area, surface chemistry, polymer microstructure) and by the preparation method and processing conditions as well. Among of preparation methods, injection molding has strong influence on the internal microstructure of polymers and in a consequence on mechanical response of the material [2]. Nowadays, thermoplastic polymers are widely used in various aspects of human society. They have several good properties such as good chemical resistance, better mechanical properties, cost effectiveness; that make them the polymers of choice for numerous applications. Due to superior properties of these materials, they have been used mixed with natural fillers and in manufactured composite forms as well. The use of thermoplastic polymer composites reinforced with natural fillers has been rapidly increasing in the automotive industry [3].Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a water-soluble synthetic polymer. Due to the characteristics of easy preparation, good biodegradability, excellent chemical resistance and good mechanical properties, (PVA) has been used in many biomaterial applications [4]. Doping of polymers attracted the scientific and technological researchers, because of their wide applications. The dopants in polymer can change the molecular structure and hence the microstructure as well as the macroscopic properties of the polymer [5]. 2-MATERIALS AND METHODSThe materials used in this work were as a powder of polymer (polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)) doped by copper chloride CuCl salt with weight percent (2 and 10) wt%. It was dissolved in (15 ml) of distilled water in glass beaker by using magnetic stirrer for about (45 minute) and placed in Petri dish (5 cm diameter) using casting technique to prepare the films. The thickness of the dried films is (45 µm) measured by digital micrometer....

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Section: -Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: -Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: -Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Annealing on the Optical Properties of (PVA-CuCl) Composites

Salman

Bakr

Jwameer

2016

ILCPA

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“…Due to superior optical and mechanical properties of PVA films, like emulsifying, optical transparency, good adhesive properties, and formation of good oxygen resistant films, makes it a good choice for the fabrication of optical devices [8]. The wide range of PVA applications can be even more extended by incorporation of filler into PVA matrix, because well-dispersed filler may enhance various physical properties of the host polymer [9]. Since PVA can effectively protect the NPs from aggregation [10,11], numerous reports in the literature show attempts for synthesis and characterization of different NPs doped in PVA film [12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical and structural investigation of synthesized PVA/PbS nanocomposites

Abdullah

Tahir

Kadir

2015

J Mater Sci: Mater Electron

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Polymer nanocomposite based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and lead sulfide (PbS) in the average radius of (1.88-2.23) nm, have been synthesized using the chemical reduction rote and solution casting technique for different concentrations of PbS. The characterization of the polymer nanocomposite films were carried out using UVvisible spectroscopy, SEM, and XRD. The effect of various concentration of PbS NP on the optical properties of the composite has been studied to understand the optimum conditions for the synthesis process. The nanocomposite film shows high UV and visible light absorptions in the wavelength range of (200-500) nm, which correspond to the characteristics of the PbS NPs. The significant decreasing trend of the direct allowed band gap of the nanocomposite was observed upon increasing the Pb source concentration, from (6.27 eV) for pure PVA to (2.34 eV) for 0.04 M PbS concentration, which is much higher than the energy gap of bulk PbS value (0.41 eV). The calculated values of the static refractive index of Cauchy dispersion model were in the range of (1.09-1.20).X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the cubic nanocrystalline PbS phase formation.

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“…It is also seen as a good candidate for encapsulation of photonic devices because of its low oxygen permeability. For example it has been proposed for incorporation into multilayer coatings aimed at protecting organic solar cells from oxidation [29,30]. At 23°C PVA has an oxygen permeability coefficient of 5.0 x 10-17 cm 3 cm/(cm 2 .s.Pa) which compares very well to other transparent polymers: PET, another oxygen barrier polymer used in food packaging, has a coefficient of 3.1 x 10-15 cm 3 cm/(cm 2 s Pa) [30,31].…”

Section: Encapsulated Lasermentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly-photostable and mechanically flexible all-organic semiconductor lasers

Foucher¹,

Guilhabert²,

Kanibolotsky³

et al. 2013

Opt. Mater. Express

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This version is available at https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/44172/ Strathprints is designed to allow users to access the research output of the University of Strathclyde. Unless otherwise explicitly stated on the manuscript, Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Please check the manuscript for details of any other licences that may have been applied. You may not engage in further distribution of the material for any profitmaking activities or any commercial gain. You may freely distribute both the url (https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/) and the content of this paper for research or private study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge.Any correspondence concerning this service should be sent to the Abstract: Two formats of all-organic distributed-feedback lasers with improved photostability, respectively called nanocomposite and encapsulated lasers, are reported. These lasers are compatible with mechanically-flexible platforms and were entirely fabricated using softlithography and spin-coating techniques. The gain elements in both types of lasers were monodisperse -conjugated star-shaped macromolecules (oligofluorene truxene, T3). In the nanocomposites lasers, these elements were incorporated into a transparent polyimide matrix, while in the encapsulated devices a neat layer of T3 was overcoated with Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). The T3-nanocomposite devices demonstrated a 1/e degradation energy dosage up to ~27.0 ± 6.5 J/cm 2 with a threshold fluence of 115 ± 10 µJ/cm 2 . This represents a 3-fold improvement in operation lifetime under ambient conditions compared to the equivalent laser made with neat organic films, albeit with a 1.6-time increase in threshold. The PVA-encapsulated lasers showed the best overall performance: a 40-time improvement in the operation lifetime and crucially no-trade-off on the threshold, with respectively a degradation energy dosage of ~280 ± 20 J/cm 2 and a threshold fluence of 36 ± 8 µJ/cm 2 .© 2013 Optical Society of America , 1985). 17. W. Zhao, T. Cao, and J. M. White, "On the origin of green emission in polyfluorene polymers: the roles of thermal oxidation degradation and crosslinking," Adv. Funct. Mater. 14(8), 783-790 (2004). 18. L. Cerdán, A. Costela, G. Durán-Sampedro, I. García-Moreno, M. Calle, M. Juan-y-Seva, J. de Abajo, and G. A.Turnbull, "New perylene-doped polymeric thin films for efficient and long-lasting lasers," J. Mater. Chem. Immergut, and E. A. Grulke, Polymer Handbook (Wiley, 1999). 32. J. Chilwell and I. Hodgkinson, "Thin-films field-transfer matrix theory of planar multilayer waveguides and reflection from prism-loaded waveguides," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 1(7), 742-753 (1984). 33. S. Riechel, U. Lemmer, J. Feldmann, S. Berleb, A. G. Mückl, W. Brütting, A. Gombert, and V. Wittwer, "Very compact tunable solid-state laser utilizing a thin-film organic semiconductor," Opt. Lett. 26(9), 593-595 (2001). 34. M. Lu, B. T. Cunningham, S.-J. Park...

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Optical Absorption of Polyvinyl Alcohol Films Doped with Nickel Chloride

Cited by 27 publications

References 15 publications

Effect of Annealing on the Optical Properties of (PVA-CuCl) Composites

Effect of Annealing on the Optical Properties of (PVA-CuCl) Composites

Optical and structural investigation of synthesized PVA/PbS nanocomposites

Highly-photostable and mechanically flexible all-organic semiconductor lasers

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