Optic neuritis after anthrax vaccination11The features expressed in the article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy of the Department of Defense or other departments of the United States government.

Kerrison, John; Lounsbury, David W.; Thirkill, Charles E.; Lane, R; Schatz, Martha; Engler, Renata

doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(01)00844-2

Cited by 47 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Since oxidative stress can promote autoimmunity, it is also possible that vaccines, particularly in settings where they produce AEs via a prooxidant effect (e.g., via adjuvant effects), might promote chronic symptoms through autoimmune mechanisms [ 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 ]: autoimmune markers are also elevated in GWI [ 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 ]. Autoimmune effects have been reported with the reactogenic anthrax vaccine [ 80 , 81 ]. Additionally, in one analysis, female veterans (not confined to the Gulf) who received the anthrax vaccine had elevated rates of MS (RR = 2.14, 95%CI: 1.14, 4.01) [ 82 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation Exposure Predicts Reported Vaccine Adverse Effects in Veterans with Gulf War Illness

Golomb

Nguyen

Dinkeloo

2020

IJERPH

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Most people have no problems when administered vaccines; however, as with all drugs, reported adverse effects (rAEs) do occur. There is a need to better understand the potential predictors of reported vaccine AEs (rVaxAEs), including modifiable (environmental) predictors. Gulf War Veterans (GWV) who have Gulf War illness (GWI) report increased experiences of drug and chemical rAEs, extending to rVaxAEs. GWV provide an opportunity to examine the relationship between their reported exposures and rAEs. Forty one GWV with GWI and 40 healthy controls reported exposure and rAEs to exposure, including for 14 vaccines. Individual and summed vaccine exposures, rVaxAEs, and reported Vaccine AE Propensity (summed rVaxAEs/summed vaccines exposures) were compared in cases vs. controls. Exposure–outcome assessments focused on GWV, using a multivariable regression with robust standard error. More designated vaccines were reported in cases than in controls: 9.0 (2.3) vs. 3.8 (2.3), p < 0.0001. The fraction of vaccines received that led to rAEs was ten-fold higher in cases: 0.24 (0.21), vs. 0.023 (0.081), p < 0.0001. Multivariable assessment confirmed that radiation and pesticides remained significant statistical predictors of reported Vaccine AE Propensity. Exposure tied to excess rVaxAEs in GWV may contribute to, or underlie, the reported link between rVaxAEs in GWV and later ill health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation Exposure Predicts Reported Vaccine Adverse Effects in Veterans with Gulf War Illness

Golomb

Nguyen

Dinkeloo

2020

IJERPH

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“…With the many potential risk factors for MS found in the GW1 theater of operations, why would there not be a higher or at least neutral risk of MS among those deployed? A partial list of risk factors that could increase MS risk in GW1 veterans includes the anthrax vaccine [25], the hepatitis B vaccination [26], viral infectious outbreaks [27], air pollutants from oil well fires [28] and other central nervous system toxins [29]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Sclerosis in Gulf War Era Veterans. 2. Military Deployment and Risk of Multiple Sclerosis in the First Gulf War

et al. 2014

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Background: Concern has been raised that US veterans of the 1990-1991 Gulf War (GW1) may be at increased risk to develop neurologic disease. Methods: An incident cohort of multiple sclerosis (MS) and other demyelinating disease (ODD) was assembled from the US military comprising the Gulf War era (1990-2007). Cases of MS and ODD meeting standard diagnostic criteria were matched to a database of all active duty personnel from the Department of Defense. Relative risk (RR) estimates for MS and all demyelinating disease based on onset, deployment status, and exposures were calculated. Results: For GW1, a total of 1,841 incident cases of definite MS and ODD were identified, with 387 among 696,118 deployed and 1,454 among 1,786,215 nondeployed personnel. The RR for MS alone among those deployed compared to those nondeployed was 0.69 (confidence interval, CI: 0.61-0.78), with 0.72 (CI: 0.62-0.83) in men and 0.96 (CI: 0.75-1.22) in women. Deployment was also nonsignificant or protective as an MS risk factor across racial groups, all age groups, and each military service. RRs for MS by service were: Air Force 0.71 (CI: 0.53-0.96), Army 0.80 (CI: 0.67-0.96), Marines 0.96 (CI: 0.63-1.47), and Navy 0.56 (CI: 0.43-0.74). Conclusion: Military deployment to GW1 was not a risk factor for developing MS.

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“…It should be noted that a significant proportion of the reported cases of ON that developed in temporal association with the COVID-vaccines was associated with MOG antibodies (22,23). Interestingly, presumed postimmunization ON attributed to other vaccines was predominantly anterior and bilateral (44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51). In some cases, a neuromyelitis opticalike (i.e., combined ON and myelitis) and acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis-like presentations were described (5,(52)(53)(54)(55)(56).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuro-Ophthalmological Complications of the COVID-19 Vaccines: A Systematic Review

Lotan¹,

Lydston²,

Lévy³

2022

Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology

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Optic neuritis after anthrax vaccination11The features expressed in the article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy of the Department of Defense or other departments of the United States government.

Cited by 47 publications

References 25 publications

Radiation Exposure Predicts Reported Vaccine Adverse Effects in Veterans with Gulf War Illness

Radiation Exposure Predicts Reported Vaccine Adverse Effects in Veterans with Gulf War Illness

Multiple Sclerosis in Gulf War Era Veterans. 2. Military Deployment and Risk of Multiple Sclerosis in the First Gulf War

Neuro-Ophthalmological Complications of the COVID-19 Vaccines: A Systematic Review

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