Optic Flow: A History

Niehorster, Diederick C.

doi:10.1177/20416695211055766

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 159 publications

(307 reference statements)

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“…Our visual system relies on optic flow for various functions, such as perception of self-motion ( Gibson, 1947 ; Warren & Hannon, 1988 ), visual guidance for action planning ( Warren, 2021 ), balance and posture control ( Stoffregen, 1985 ). See ( Niehorster, 2021 ) for a review on optic-flow. The observed motion flow is often highly correlated in time because information changes gradually across the samples that make up our visual experience.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal jump detection during continuous film viewing

Upadhyayula

Henderson

2023

Journal of Vision

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Prior research on film viewing has demonstrated that participants frequently fail to notice spatiotemporal disruptions, such as scene edits in the movies. Whether such insensitivity to spatiotemporal disruptions extends beyond scene edits in film viewing is not well understood. Across three experiments, we created spatiotemporal disruptions by presenting participants with minute long movie clips, and occasionally jumping the movie clips ahead or backward in time. Participants were instructed to press a button when they noticed any disruptions while watching the clips. The results from experiments 1 and 2 indicate that participants failed to notice the disruptions in continuity about 10% to 30% of the time depending on the magnitude of the jump. In addition, detection rates were lower by approximately 10% when the videos jumped ahead in time compared to the backward jumps across all jump magnitudes, suggesting a role of knowledge about the future affects jump detection. An additional analysis used optic flow similarity during these disruptions. Our findings suggest that insensitivity to spatiotemporal disruptions during film viewing is influenced by knowledge about future states.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal jump detection during continuous film viewing

Upadhyayula

Henderson

2023

Journal of Vision

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“…Optical flow induces an illusion of movement to a stationary observer by moving objects in a virtual scene relative to the observer. 68 With a CAVE iVR setup, Hoppes et al. 58 compared fNIRS-measured brain signals in healthy subjects during exposure to optical flow versus an unchanged visual field.…”

Section: Applications Of Ivr-fnirs In Neuroscience Research and Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

iVR-fNIRS: studying brain functions in a fully immersive virtual environment

Peng,

Moussavi,

Karunakaran

et al. 2024

Neurophoton.

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. Immersive virtual reality (iVR) employs head-mounted displays or cave-like environments to create a sensory-rich virtual experience that simulates the physical presence of a user in a digital space. The technology holds immense promise in neuroscience research and therapy. In particular, virtual reality (VR) technologies facilitate the development of diverse tasks and scenarios closely mirroring real-life situations to stimulate the brain within a controlled and secure setting. It also offers a cost-effective solution in providing a similar sense of interaction to users when conventional stimulation methods are limited or unfeasible. Although combining iVR with traditional brain imaging techniques may be difficult due to signal interference or instrumental issues, recent work has proposed the use of functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in conjunction with iVR for versatile brain stimulation paradigms and flexible examination of brain responses. We present a comprehensive review of current research studies employing an iVR-fNIRS setup, covering device types, stimulation approaches, data analysis methods, and major scientific findings. The literature demonstrates a high potential for iVR-fNIRS to explore various types of cognitive, behavioral, and motor functions in a fully immersive VR (iVR) environment. Such studies should set a foundation for adaptive iVR programs for both training (e.g., in novel environments) and clinical therapeutics (e.g., pain, motor and sensory disorders and other psychiatric conditions).

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“…When we walk down a street, our motion relative to objects in the environment, such as trees, lamp posts, and buildings, generates a pattern of visual motion known as optic flow 1 , 2 . Optic flow over the whole field provides an important source of information that helps us keep track of our motion through the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of long-term exposure to microgravity and body orientation relative to gravity on perceived traveled distance

Jörges,

Bury,

McManus

et al. 2024

npj Microgravity

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Self-motion perception is a multi-sensory process that involves visual, vestibular, and other cues. When perception of self-motion is induced using only visual motion, vestibular cues indicate that the body remains stationary, which may bias an observer’s perception. When lowering the precision of the vestibular cue by for example, lying down or by adapting to microgravity, these biases may decrease, accompanied by a decrease in precision. To test this hypothesis, we used a move-to-target task in virtual reality. Astronauts and Earth-based controls were shown a target at a range of simulated distances. After the target disappeared, forward self-motion was induced by optic flow. Participants indicated when they thought they had arrived at the target’s previously seen location. Astronauts completed the task on Earth (supine and sitting upright) prior to space travel, early and late in space, and early and late after landing. Controls completed the experiment on Earth using a similar regime with a supine posture used to simulate being in space. While variability was similar across all conditions, the supine posture led to significantly higher gains (target distance/perceived travel distance) than the sitting posture for the astronauts pre-flight and early post-flight but not late post-flight. No difference was detected between the astronauts’ performance on Earth and onboard the ISS, indicating that judgments of traveled distance were largely unaffected by long-term exposure to microgravity. Overall, this constitutes mixed evidence as to whether non-visual cues to travel distance are integrated with relevant visual cues when self-motion is simulated using optic flow alone.

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Optic Flow: A History

Cited by 9 publications

References 159 publications

Spatiotemporal jump detection during continuous film viewing

Spatiotemporal jump detection during continuous film viewing

iVR-fNIRS: studying brain functions in a fully immersive virtual environment

The effects of long-term exposure to microgravity and body orientation relative to gravity on perceived traveled distance

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