Optic disc morphology in premature infants

Hackl, Sabine; Zeman, Florian; Helbig, Horst; Oberacher‐Velten, Isabel

doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2012-302066

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Of the four published studies on infant ON parameters, 2, 11, 22, 23 none used OCT. Only Kandasamy et al 11 (n=35 term infants) assessed for relationships between ON measurements and parameters associated with preterm birth using Retcam, and found no association between low birth weight and disc area (Table 2). However, cup areas were not measured.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Optic Nerve Development in Preterm and Term Infants Using Handheld Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

et al. 2014

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Purpose Evaluate effects of prematurity on early optic nerve (ON) development and potential utility of ON parameters as indicators of central nervous system (CNS) development and pathology. Design Prospective cross-sectional and longitudinal study. Participants and Controls Forty-four preterm infants undergoing retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening and fifty-two term infants. Methods We analyzed optic nerves from portable handheld spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT) images (Bioptigen Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC) of 44 preterm and 52 term infants. The highest quality ON scan from either eye was selected for quantitative analysis. Longitudinal analysis was performed at both 31–36 and 37–42 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA). Preterm ON parameters were also assessed for correlation with indicators of cognitive, language and motor development, and CNS pathology. Main Outcome Measures Vertical cup diameter (vCupDiam), disc diameter (vDiscDiam), cup-to-disc ratio (vC:D), cup depth, and indicators of neuro-cognitive development and CNS pathology. Results At 37–42 weeks PMA, preterm infants had larger vCupDiam and vC:D than term infants (908 vs. 700 μm, p<0.001; 0.68 vs. 0.53 μm, p<0.001), while cup depth and vDiscDiam were not significantly different. Longitudinal changes (n=26 preterm eyes, mean interval 4.7 weeks) in vDiscDiam and in vC:D were an increase of 74 μm (p=0.008) and decrease of 0.05 (p=0.015), respectively. In preterm infants (n=44), periventricular leukomalacia was associated with larger vCupDiam (1084 vs. 828 μm, p=0.005) and vC:D (0.85 vs. 0.63, p<0.001), post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus was associated with shallower cup (331 vs. 456 μm, p=0.030), and clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was associated with larger vC:D (0.73 vs. 0.64, p=0.023). In 23 preterm infants with Bayley Scales of Infant Development scores, larger vC:D was associated with lower cognitive scores (p=0.049). Conclusions This is the first analysis of ON parameters in premature infants using SDOCT. It demonstrated that by age of “term birth,” vCupDiam and vC:D are larger in preterm infants who were screened for ROP than in term infants. In this prospective pilot study, ON parameters in these preterm infants appear to weakly associate with CNS pathology and future cognitive development. Future prospective studies with larger numbers are necessary before further conclusions can be made.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, cup areas were not measured. 11 A study by Hackl et al 22 also attempted such measures but reported a high possibility of cup measurement error using Retcam photos.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Optic Nerve Development in Preterm and Term Infants Using Handheld Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

et al. 2014

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“…However, a reduction in DA with increasing BW and GA and a reduction in RA with increasing BW were also found by Hellstr€ om and co-authors, when analysing fundus photographs ). In addition, a negative correlation between the optic disc size and GA and BW has been found in premature infants analysing wide-field images (RetCam; Hackl et al 2013). In contrast, Raffa et al (2016) described a positive correlation between DA and BW in their material of moderate-to-late-preterm children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The rim area of the optic nerve head, assessed with Heidelberg retina tomography, is smaller in prematurely born children than in children born at term

Åkerblom

Holmström

Larsson

2018

Acta Ophthalmologica

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Reduced rim area of the optic nerve head was found in preterm children of school age. Previous ROP or neurological complication did not influence the result, suggesting the preterm birth per se was the reason for the reduction. Establishing whether this finding was caused by disturbed maturation of the optic nerve or by injury of the axons, or a combination of the two, will require further research.

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“…A low birth weight and low gestational age influence the form of the optic disc [3]. They found a significant negative correlation between the form of the optic disc and gestational age (P = 0.03); 75% of optic discs showed a double ring and 89% had visible disc cupping.…”

Section: Open Access Ojophmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, optic disc morphology and optic nerve development are two factors that potentially influence visual function in infants [3].…”

Section: Introductiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations of Cup-to-Disc Ratio in Children

Amer¹,

Saif²,

Saif³

et al. 2014

OJOph

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Purpose: The aim of this study is early detection of increased cup to disc ratio and a survey study of cup-disc ratio in Egyptian children age group less than 15 years. Methods: Three hundred and eighty-two (382) children were enrolled in this study. They were classified into three age groups; infants' Group (1) from 0 -2 years, preschool Group (2) from 2 -6 years and school children Group (3) from 6 -15 years old. C/D ratio was measured for each child.

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Optic disc morphology in premature infants

Abstract: In our study, premature birth was associated with the presence of a double ring. A low birth weight and low gestational age influence the form of the optic disc.

Cited by 23 publications

References 18 publications

Evaluation of Optic Nerve Development in Preterm and Term Infants Using Handheld Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

Evaluation of Optic Nerve Development in Preterm and Term Infants Using Handheld Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

The rim area of the optic nerve head, assessed with Heidelberg retina tomography, is smaller in prematurely born children than in children born at term

Variations of Cup-to-Disc Ratio in Children

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