oprL Gene Sequencing, Resistance Patterns, Virulence Genes, Quorum Sensing and Antibiotic Resistance Genes of XDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Broiler Chickens

Abstract

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is incriminated in septicemia, significant economic losses in the poultry production sector, and severe respiratory infections in humans. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence, oprL sequencing, antimicrobial resistance patterns, virulence-determinant, Quorum sensing, and antibiotic resistance genes of P. aeruginosa retrieved from broiler chickens. Methods: Two hundred samples were collected from 120 broiler chickens from broiler farms at Ismailia Governorate, Egypt. Consequently, the bacteriological examination was conducted and the obtained P. aeruginosa strains were tested for oprL gene sequencing, antibiogram, and PCR screening of virulence, Quorum sensing, and antibiotic resistance genes. Results: The overall prevalence of P. aeruginosa in the examined birds was 28.3%. The oprL gene sequence analysis underlined that the tested strain expressed a notable genetic identity with various P. aeruginosa strains isolated from different geographical areas in the USA, India, China, Chile, and Ghana. PCR evidenced that the obtained P. aeruginosa strains, carrying virulence-related genes: oprL, toxA, aprA, phzM, and exoS in a prevalence of 100%, 100%, 42.5%, 33.3%, and 25.9%, respectively. Moreover, the recovered P. aeruginosa strains possessed the Quorum sensing genes: lasI, lasR, rhlI, and rhlR in a prevalence of 85.2%, 85.2%, 81.5%, and 81.5%, respectively. Furthermore, 40.7% of the isolated P. aeruginosa were XDR to seven antimicrobial classes, possessing sul1, bla TEM , tetA, bla CTX-M , bla OXA-1 , and aadA1 genes. Conclusion:As we can tell, this is the first report emphasizing the evolution of XDR P. aeruginosa strains from broiler chicken in Egypt, which is supposed to be a serious threat to public health. The emerging XDR P. aeruginosa in poultry frequently harbored the oprL, toxA, and aprA virulence genes, the lasI, lasR, rhlI, and rhlR Quorum sensing genes, and the sul1, bla TEM , tetA, bla CTXM , bla OXA-1 , and aadA1 resistance genes.

Characterization of β-lactamase and virulence genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from clinical, environmental and poultry sources in Bangladesh

“…Previously, Algammal et al reported 28.3% prevalence of P . aeruginosa in broiler chickens in Egypt [ 41 ] whereas El-Tawab et al found that 34% of the tested frozen fish possessed P . aeruginosa [ 42 ].…”

Characterization of β-lactamase and virulence genes inPseudomonas aeruginosaisolated from clinical, environmental and poultry sources in Bangladesh

“…The isolation rate of various water samples may fluctuate depending on the source and size of the sample, as well as the time and length of sample collection [3, 35, 39]. Previously, Algammal et al reported 28.3% prevalence of P. aeruginosa in broiler chickens in Egypt [40] whereas El-Tawab et al found that 34% of the tested frozen fish possessed P. aeruginosa [41]. Detection of P. aeruginosa in poultry and associated environment is alarming because of the possibilities of transmission of these pathogens to human.…”

Pseudomonas aeruginosa and related antibiotic resistance genes as indicators for wastewater treatment

“…The matrix is composed of three exopolysaccharides (Pel, Psl, and alginate), as well as extracellular DNA and proteins. These bacterial biofilm populations are usually resistant to antibiotic treatment and human immunity [ 21 ].…”

“…Foot infection in diabetics and others with poor microvascular circulation; ear infection, particularly otitis externa and chronic suppurative otitis media, which is related with tissue damage and water obstruction; and keratitis, which is associated with prolonged contact lens usage and contaminated contact lenses. Other rare but deadly infections include endocarditis occurring in people with or without injectable drug use, and meningitis linked with penetrating trauma to the head, insertion of a CNS shunt (such as a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt), or post-neurosurgical operations [ 20 , 21 ].…”