Opposing Muslims and the Muslim Headscarf in Western Europe

Helbling, Marc

doi:10.1093/esr/jct038

Cited by 171 publications

(166 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…We support the predictions of our theory, which contradicts and expands existing arguments in the literature on immigration (Fetzer & Soper, 2005;Helbling, 2014;Koopmans, 2013), studies on religious discrimination (Fox & Akbaba, 2013, 2014, and the economics of religion (Grim & Finke, 2007, by combining two data sources in the controlled setting of a subnational comparison. First, we draw on newly designed survey items that capture citizens' attitudes toward Muslim immigrants, the wearing of headscarves, and the building of minarets that were for the first time included in the 2011 wave of the Swiss Electoral Studies (SELECTS; Lutz, 2012).…”

Section: Why Do So Many Citizens In European Democracies Fear Muslim supporting

confidence: 70%

“…Even benevolent forms of religious regulation may have unintended consequences by shaping citizens' attitudes which are detrimental to liberal understandings of democracy. Our study, thus, complements the findings of cross-national studies on religious discrimination (Fox & Akbaba, 2013, 2014) that based on macro-data also relate state support of religion to higher levels of discrimination, by providing a potential micro-foundation and presenting new survey-based evidence for this link.…”

Section: Why Do So Many Citizens In European Democracies Fear Muslim supporting

confidence: 58%

“…To understand under what institutional conditions Muslim immigration is perceived as threat, we need to better understand (a) the nature of these institutions, (b) how people in the receiving societies relate to them, and (c) how they are challenged by Muslim's claims for religious rights. From these theoretical building blocks, we will be able to derive clear predictions about the impact of state support of religion on citizens' attitudes toward Muslim immigration which contradict previous arguments in the literature (Fetzer & Soper, 2005;Helbling, 2014;Koopmans, 2013).…”

Section: Institutions Of Public Life and Collective Identities Are Famentioning

confidence: 82%

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How State Support of Religion Shapes Attitudes Toward Muslim Immigrants

Helbling

Traunmüller

2015

Comparative Political Studies

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This article argues that governments play a considerable role in shaping citizens’ attitudes toward Muslim immigrants through the way they regulate religion. European democracies are far from secular, and matters of religious regulation cannot be reduced to abstract values or constitutional clauses. Under conditions of high state support of religion, accommodating new religious minorities involves not only the changing of existing rules but also giving up on long-standing traditions and everyday habits. As a result, citizens see religious newcomers as a threat to their way of life and react with animosity to their practices and demands. We support our argument by combining newly designed survey items with original data on religious regulation in 26 Swiss cantons. Our findings contradict the extant literature and have important implications for the democratic challenges in Europe, the quality of modern immigration societies, and the role of religion in democracy more generally.

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Section: Why Do So Many Citizens In European Democracies Fear Muslim supporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Why Do So Many Citizens In European Democracies Fear Muslim supporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Institutions Of Public Life and Collective Identities Are Famentioning

confidence: 82%

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How State Support of Religion Shapes Attitudes Toward Muslim Immigrants

Helbling

Traunmüller

2015

Comparative Political Studies

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“…While these all point towards status hierarchies, the differences across countries and time indicate that these hierarchies are neither universal nor purely based on skin-colour. The fact that applicants with Arab names turned out most likely to be discriminated against may simply reflect that most studies including individuals with Arab names have been conducted in Scandinavia after 2006, thus at a time when islamophobia has become more widespread (Helbling 2014, Dolezal, Helbling, and Hutter 2012, Ruedin and Berkhout 2012. Research linking discriminatory behaviour towards certain immigrant or minority groups with attitudes towards these minority groups would be fruitful to further understand what characteristics of the minority candidates lead to discrimination.…”

Section: Notes: N Indicates the Number Of Cases Includedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnic Discrimination in Hiring Decisions: A Meta-Analysis of Correspondence Tests 1990-2015

Zschirnt

Ruedin

2015

SSRN Journal

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. provide systematic reviews of existing feld experiments, no study has undertaken a meta-analysis to examine the fndings in the studies reported. In this article, we present a meta-analysis of 738 correspondence tests in 43 separate studies conducted in OECD countries between 1990 and 2015. In addition to summarising research fndings, we focus on groups of specifc tests to ascertain the robustness of fndings, emphasising diferences across countries, gender, and economic contexts. Moreover we examine paterns of discrimination, by drawing on the fact that the groups considered in correspondence tests and the contexts of testing vary to some extent. We focus on frst-and second-generation immigrants, diferences between specifc minority groups, the implementation of EU directives, and the length of job application packs. Terms of use: Documents in Ethnic Discrimination in Hiring Decisions: A Meta-Analysis of Correspondence Tests 1990-2015 AbstractFor almost 50 years field experiments have been used to study ethnic and racial discrimination in hiring decisions, consistently reporting high rates of discrimination against minority applicants -including immigrants -, irrespective of time, location, or minority groups tested. While Riach and Rich (2002) and Rich (2014) provide systematic reviews of existing field experiments, no study has undertaken a meta-analysis to examine the findings in the studies reported. In this article we present a meta-analysis of 730 correspondence tests in 42 separate studies conducted in OECD countries between 1990 and 2015. In addition to summarizing research findings, we focus on subgroups to ascertain the robustness of findings, emphasizing differences across countries, gender, and economic contexts. Moreover we test hypotheses with regard to taste-based and statistical discrimination. To this end, we draw on the fact that the groups considered in correspondence tests and the contexts of testing vary to some extent. We focus on first-and second generation immigrants, differences between specific minority groups, the implementation of EU directives, and the length of job application packs. There are many indications that ethnic discrimination in hiring decisions reflects taste-based discrimination, although in some cases statistical discrimination seems to occur.

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“…A data oriented study, what accepting "wearing the veil" implies and what it does not, is all the more necessary, since many earlier studies on the subject (Carol and Koopmans, 2013;Ghumman and Ryan, 2013;Göle, 2014;Helbling, 2014) by and large eluded the question on what actually proponents and opponents of the veil among Muslim publics actually think on the subject themselves, and how these opinions correlate with other attitudes, from democracy to trust in central state security institutions, the separation of religion and state, the overall advancement of women in society and central personal values, manifesting themselves in the opinions on whether children should be educated to be tolerant or obedient.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%