Opportunities to Production of Biofuel from Grains and to Improve the Factors Increasing the Yield of Bioethanol in a Short Time

Abstract

When biofuels are used as an energy source, they are accepted as a renewable energy source that is safe for the environment and can replace fossil fuels at the same time. Additionally, using of organic materials obtained from plants and animals as biofuel is more advantageous compared to the formation of fossil fuels over hundreds of years. Therefore, biomass containing within itself substances such as sugar, starch, oil and cellulose, which have high energy availability, are considered as raw materials. While biodiesel is obtained from organic materials containing oil, ethanol and similar biofuels are generally obtained from organic materials containing sugar and starch. All these production stages vary depending on factors such as each plant species and variety, the amount of sugar contained in plants or sugar structures, the fermentation microorganisms used or the pretreatments applied. In this study, information is given about the stages of bioethanol production from grains and the issues affecting bioethanol yield.