Opportunities of ‘Waste to (positive) Energy’ project in refugees-hosting communities

Abstract

The present study investigates the potentiality of organic waste-to-compost production and viability of waste sorting and recycling in vulnerable areas. The study provides financial analysis of the operation of such compost production and waste sorting and recycling facilities in Jordan, while taking into account the facilities' intake capacities, operational costs, and selling prices. The results showed that the facilities are expected to generate profits in the long term. In the case of the compost facilities, both the facilities of Irbid and Karak are expected to generate profits within 12 months of operation. In the case of the sorting facilities, while only some facilities are expected to generate profits in the first year (Irbid and Madaba), most will incur losses by the end of the first 12 months (Mafraq, Karak, Deir Alla, and West Irbid, New Taybah and Wassatiyah) and begin generating net profits by the second year of operation. In the case of sorted recyclables, the establishment of contractual relationships with recyclers in the value chain is essential to maintain viable revenue to ensure operational feasibility; however, in the case of compost, a more diverse array of avenues for marketing needs to be explored and utilised to ensure profitability.

Impact of the Conversion of Citrus Plantations to Oil Palm Plantations

“…Oil palm is a long-term crop that was previously underutilized by the community owing to its high selling price and high maintenance expenses (Saidan et al, 2020). This is one of the factors taken into account by the community, which leads to a lack of interest from the general public.…”