Opportunities and Challenges in Health Sensing for Extreme Industrial Environment: Perspectives From Underground Mines

Ranjan, Alok; Zhao, Yanxiao; Sahu, H. B.; Misra, Prasant

doi:10.1109/access.2019.2941436

Cited by 44 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…This concept implies two generalities: (1) Reflections caused by large number of bounces of k th order would be negligible. (2) The first bounce comes to be the most important component that affects the received power and its temporal dispersion. Therefore, the H N LoS component could be estimated by considering the first bounce, which is known as H…”

Section: Visible Light Propagation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A VLC Channel Model for Underground Mining Environments With Scattering and Shadowing

et al. 2020

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Underground mining is an industry that preserves the miners' safety and efficiency in their work using wireless communication systems as a tool. In addition to communication links characterized by radio frequency signals, optical links in the visible light spectrum are under intense research for underground mining applications due to their high transmission rates and immunity to electromagnetic interference. However, the design of a robust visible-light communication (VLC) system for underground mining is a challenging task due to the harsh propagation conditions encountered in mining tunnels. To assist researchers in the design of such VLC systems, we present in this paper a novel channel model that incorporates important factors that influence the quality of the VLC link in underground mines. Features such as an arbitrary positioning and orientation of the optical transmitter and receiver, tunnels with irregular walls, shadowing by large machinery, and scattering by dust clouds are considered. These factors are integrated into a single modeling framework that lends itself for the derivation of compact mathematical expressions for the overall DC gain, the impulse response, the root mean square delay spread, and the received power of the proposed VLC channel model. Our analytical results are validated by computer simulations. These results show that the rotation and tilt of the transmitter and receiver, as well as the tunnels' irregular walls have a notorious influence on the magnitude and temporal dispersion of the VLC channel's line of sight (LoS) and non-LoS components. Furthermore, results show that shadowing reduces the LoS component's magnitude significantly. Our findings also show that scattering by dust particles contributes slightly to the total VLC channel gain, although it generates a large temporal dispersion of the received optical signal. INDEX TERMS Channel impulse response, channel modeling, scattering, shadowing, underground mining, visible light communication.

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Section: Visible Light Propagation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…T HE inherent working environment of underground mines is considered as very dangerous and unsafe due to inherent characteristics of the tunnels [1], as well as numerous external agents generated by regular mine operation such as dust, toxic components, sewage water, among others [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A VLC Channel Model for Underground Mining Environments With Scattering and Shadowing

et al. 2020

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“…In recent years, wearable devices have played a crucial role in many different applications, including occupational accident prevention, fitness, and medical care, thanks to the ability to combine many low-cost sensors in the same network 4 – 6 . In the healthcare field, user-friendly wearable devices allow vital signs to be measured and monitored with different granularity levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A wearable heart rate measurement device for children with autism spectrum disorder

Fioriello

Maugeri

D’Alvia

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by early impairment in social and communication domains and autonomic nervous system unbalance. This study evaluated heart rate (HR) as a possible indicator of stress response in children with ASD as compared to children with language disorder (LD). Twenty-four patients [mean age = 42.62 months; SD = 8.14 months,12 with ASD (10 M/2F) and 12 with LD (8 M/4F)] underwent clinical [Leiter International Performance Scale-Revised, Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, second edition (ADOS-2)] and physiological evaluation (HR monitoring) during five interactive activities, while wearing an HR measurement device. IQ (ASD:IQ = 103.33 ± 12.85 vs. LD:IQ = 111.00 ± 8.88, p = 0.103) and fluid reasoning on the Leiter-R Scale were within the normal range in all subjects. Increased HR during the third activity (ADOS-2 bubble play) significantly correlated with autistic symptoms (r = 0.415; p = 0.044), while correlations between ADOS-2 total score and HR during the first activity (ADOS-2 free play; r = 0.368; p = 0.077), second activity (Leiter-R figure ground subscale; r = 0.373, p = 0.073), and fifth activity (ADOS-2 anticipation of a routine with objects; r = 0.368; p = 0.076) did not quite reach statistical significance. Applying a linear regression model, we found that the ADOS-2 total score significantly influenced HR variations (p = 0.023). HR monitoring may provide a better understanding of the stress-provoking situations for children with ASD. Furthermore, it could help clinicians detect the impact of the stressful condition on the autistic core and adress treatment strategy.

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“…In order to define the orientation of the PDs in the ADR, following the pyramidal geometry, it is possible to deduce that all the PDs will have the same elevation angle, which is also the same elevation angle of each of the pyramid side faces. As it is a regular polyhedron, we can mention that ∀i ∈ [1,4]:…”

Section: Adr With the Pyramid Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A way to mitigate these problems is by designing specific communications systems for underground mining environments. Therefore, among the characteristics that these communication systems must have are: transmission of reliable and real-time information on the location and tracking of workers when a disaster occurs, transmission of smoke and hazardous gas detection data, information monitoring of mining machinery, and so on [3,4]. These details added to the hostile environment of a mining company, make the design of underground mine communications systems a challenging task, which, if properly implemented, would guarantee work safety and optimize the productivity of the mines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interference Mitigation for Visible Light Communications in Underground Mines Using Angle Diversity Receivers

Játiva

Cañizares

Azurdia-Meza

et al. 2020

Sensors

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This paper proposes two solutions based on angle diversity receivers (ADRs) to mitigate inter-cell interference (ICI) in underground mining visible light communication (VLC) systems, one of them is a novel approach. A realistic VLC system based on two underground mining scenarios, termed as mining roadway and mine working face, is developed and modeled. A channel model based on the direct component in line-of-sight (LoS) and reflections of non-line-of-sight (NLoS) links is considered, as well as thermal and shot noises. The design and mathematical models of a pyramid distribution and a new hemi-dodecahedral distribution are addressed in detail. The performances of these approaches, accompanied by signal combining schemes, are evaluated with the baseline of a single photo-diode in reception. Results show that the minimum lighting standards established in both scenarios are met. As expected, the root-mean-square delay spread decreases as the distance between the transmitters and receivers increases. Furthermore, the hemi-dodecahedron ADR in conjunction with the maximum ratio combining (MRC) scheme, presents the best performance in the evaluated VLC system, with a maximum user data rate of 250 Mbps in mining roadway and 120 Mbps in mine working face, received energy per bit/noise power of 32 dB and 23 dB, respectively, when the bit error rate corresponds to 10 − 4 , and finally, values of 120 dB in mining roadway and 118 dB in mine working face for signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio are observed in a cumulative distribution function.

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Opportunities and Challenges in Health Sensing for Extreme Industrial Environment: Perspectives From Underground Mines

Cited by 44 publications

References 45 publications

A VLC Channel Model for Underground Mining Environments With Scattering and Shadowing

A VLC Channel Model for Underground Mining Environments With Scattering and Shadowing

A wearable heart rate measurement device for children with autism spectrum disorder

Interference Mitigation for Visible Light Communications in Underground Mines Using Angle Diversity Receivers

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