Opportunities and challenges for CarbFix: An evaluation of capacities and costs for the pilot scale mineralization sequestration project at Hellisheidi, Iceland and beyond

Ragnheiðardóttir, Elísabet Vilborg; Sigurðardóttir, Hólmfríður; Kristjánsdóttir, Helga; Harvey, William

doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2010.11.010

Cited by 34 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Injection of CO 2 would likely shift the overall carbon mineralization rate from being CO 2 limited to Mg-limited [40]. Injection of CO 2 into the subsurface, such as in saline aquifers, is currently being practiced (e.g., [82,83]) and there are pilot projects (e.g., CarbFix) for injecting CO 2 into mafic rocks [84,85]. These technologies could be adapted for injection into ultramafic mine tailings.…”

Section: Co 2 Injectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategizing Carbon-Neutral Mines: A Case for Pilot Projects

et al. 2014

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Ultramafic and mafic mine tailings are a valuable feedstock for carbon mineralization that should be used to offset carbon emissions generated by the mining industry. Although passive carbonation is occurring at the abandoned Clinton Creek asbestos mine, and the active Diavik diamond and Mount Keith nickel mines, there remains untapped potential for sequestering CO 2 within these mine wastes. There is the potential to accelerate carbonation to create economically viable, large-scale CO 2 fixation technologies that can operate at near-surface temperature and atmospheric pressure. We review several relevant acceleration strategies including: bioleaching of magnesium silicates; increasing the supply of CO 2 via heterotrophic oxidation of waste organics; and biologically induced carbonate precipitation, as well as enhancing passive carbonation through tailings management practices and use of CO 2 point sources. Scenarios for pilot scale projects are proposed with the aim of moving towards carbon-neutral mines. A financial incentive is necessary to encourage the development of these strategies. We recommend the use of a dynamic real options pricing approach, instead of traditional discounted cash-flow approaches, because it reflects the inherent value in managerial OPEN ACCESS Minerals 2014, 4 400 flexibility to adapt and capitalize on favorable future opportunities in the highly volatile carbon market.

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Section: Co 2 Injectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategizing Carbon-Neutral Mines: A Case for Pilot Projects

et al. 2014

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“…These effects have been dealt with in Iceland when harnessing geothermal resources, emitting gases like CO 2 , involving reinjection of greenhouse gases, through the CarbFix procedure (Ragnheiðardóttir et al 2011), as well as the SulFix procedure (Gíslason and Oelkers 2014).…”

Section: Variable Definition and Regression Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cost factors associated with carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) projects have been estimated (Giovanni and Richards 2010), and the CCS project testing been developed in Iceland in recent years (Ragnheiðardóttir et al 2011). Cost analysis for three scenarios of the CarbFix project, including the Hellisheiði full scale (HFS) scenarios by Reykjavik Energy, indicate that in the beginning the project is mainly subject to capital costs.…”

Section: Chaptermentioning

confidence: 99%

Economics and Power-intensive Industries

Kristjánsdóttir

2014

SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology

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“…The estimated cost of storing and transporting a ton of CO 2 at maximum reservoir exploitation at the CarbFix site via dissolved water injection is about $17 ( 12); this cost is about twice that of geologic storage via direct CO 2 injection at the BSCP site and in typical sedimentary basins ( 9,12,13), but offers enhanced security because CO 2 dissolved in water is not buoyant. However, the cost of carbon capture and storage is dominated by capture and gas separation, which costs $55 to $112/ton CO 2 ( 13).…”

Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%