Opportunistic Intestinal Parasitic Infections in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Patients in Mangalore, South India

Shenoy, Shalani; Baliga, Shrikala; Kurnvilla, Thomas; Prashanth, H. V.; Dominic, R M Saldanha

doi:10.1177/004947550303300425

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In India, the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis has been found to be about 23% and that of the Isospora belli infection to be about 12% in AIDS patients. 10 Fourteen cases (4.6%) showed high titres of IgM for toxoplasma which concurs with a study by Kumaraswamy et al 1 which showed a prevalence of 3% of central nervous system toxoplasmosis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prevalence of opportunistic infections in AIDS patients in Mangalore, Karnataka

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…In India, the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis has been found to be about 23% and that of the Isospora belli infection to be about 12% in AIDS patients. 10…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of opportunistic infections in AIDS patients in Mangalore, Karnataka

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Historically, HIV infection was initially labeled as a "wasting disease" due to the common presentation of severe gastrointestinal complications and digestive dysfunction (9,23,26). Over the last decade, multiple groups have reported GALT to be an early target of HIV and a site of severe CD4 ϩ T-cell depletion (10,20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Onset of Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction in Primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Is Driven by an Imbalance between Immune Response and Mucosal Repair and Regeneration

Sankaran

George

Reay

et al. 2008

J Virol

190

159

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) is an early target for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and is a site for severe CD4؉ T-cell depletion. HIV-associated enteropathy is well-documented in chronic HIV-1 infection. However, the initial host responses to HIV infection in GALT and the early molecular correlates of HIV enteropathogenesis have not been characterized during primary HIV infection. In this study, we provide evidence of viral replication in GALT resident CD4؉ T cells and macrophages in primary-stage patients and identify early patterns of host mucosal responses and changes in the molecular microenvironment through gene expression profiling. High levels of viral replication in GALT and marked CD4 ؉ T-cell depletion correlated with decreased expression levels of genes regulating epithelial barrier maintenance and digestive/ metabolic functions. These changes coincided with a marked increase in the transcription of immune activation-, inflammation-, and apoptosis-associated genes. Our findings indicate that HIV-induced pathogenesis in GALT emerges at both the molecular and cellular levels prior to seroconversion in primary HIV infection, potentially setting the stage for disease progression by impairing the ability to control viral replication and repair and regenerate intestinal mucosal tissues.

show abstract

“…Molecular methods are still in their infancy. A flexible diagnostic technique is the need of the hour in view of increasing reports of microsporidiosis in India (6,11,12). Though there have been a few reports of comparative evaluation of stains in detecting microsporidia in stools, bile, urine, and pulmonary specimens (1,5,9,13), there are limited data evaluating various stains in the detection of microsporidia in ocular specimens and the feasibility of their routine use in laboratories.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%