Opportunistic Infections and Other AIDS-defining Illnesses in Poland in 2000–2002

Podlasin, Regina; Wiercińska–Drapało, Alicja; Olczak, Anita; Beniowski, Marek; Smiatacz, Tomasz; Małolepsza, Ewa; Juszczyk, Jacek; Leszczyszyn-Pynka, Magdalena; Mach, Tomasz; Mian, M; Knysz, Brygida; Horban, Andrzéj

doi:10.1007/s15010-006-5030-y

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…The incidence of OIs after HAART in our study was also higher in comparison to the study conducted in Poland (between 2000 and 2002), where the incidence of AIDS defining illness was 6.8 in 2000, 6.5 in 2001 and 4.8 100 persons/year in 2002. The incidence of OIs after HAART in our study was lower than compared to the prospective cohort study conducted in Senegal, which showed an incidence of 30% [14,15].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

Incidence and predictors of HIV related opportunistic infections after initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy at Ayder Referral Hospital, Mekelle, Ethiopia: A retrospective single centered cohort study

et al. 2020

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Introduction Even though use of antiretroviral therapy (HAART) decreases the incidence of opportunistic infections (OIs) they are continuing to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Studies concerning this problem are scarce in Eastern Africa. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and predictors of OIs after initiation of HAART in Ethiopia. Methods A health facility based single centered cohort study using structured data extraction sheet was conducted. The study population was all HIV positive ART naive adolescents and adults who started HAART between January 2009 and May 2012. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 317 patients from the record. Multivariate binary logistic regression model was used to determine factors for the occurrence of OIs after initiation of HAART. Results The incidence of OIs after HAART was 7.5 cases/100person years. Tuberculosis, oral candidiasis, pneumonia and toxoplasmosis were the leading OIs after HAART. A bed ridden functional status at initiation of HAART, presence of OIs before HAART, non-adherence and low hemoglobin level were predictors for the occurrence of OIs after HAART.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

Incidence and predictors of HIV related opportunistic infections after initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy at Ayder Referral Hospital, Mekelle, Ethiopia: A retrospective single centered cohort study

et al. 2020

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“…The decreasing trend in the incidence rate of PCP likely results from the use of chemoprophylaxis and antiretroviral therapy. Currently PCP incidence rate in our cohort is lower than that observed in both in high income and low-middle income settings in the post cART era [10], [23], [25], [33], [35].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

Trends in AIDS-Defining Opportunistic Illnesses Incidence over 25 Years in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

et al. 2014

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ObjectivesTo assess the temporal trends in incidence of AIDS-defining opportunistic illnesses in an urban cohort of a middle-income country.MethodsHIV infected patients aged ≥18 years at cohort entry were included in this analysis. We calculated incidence rates per 1000 persons-years of observation for the first opportunistic illness presented after cohort enrollment, from 1987 to 2012. Trends for overall and specific opportunistic illnesses were tested and incidence rate ratios for the most recent calendar period were calculated as the ratio between the incidence rate observed in the most recent period of the study (2009–2012) and the incidence rate observed in first period of the study (1987–1990).ResultsOverall, 3378 patients were included in this analysis; of which 1119 (33%) patients presented an opportunistic illness during follow up. Incidence rates of all opportunistic illnesses decreased over time, and the overall opportunistic illness incidence rates fell from 295.4/1000 persons-years in 1987–1990 to 34.6/1000 persons-years in 2009–2012. Tuberculosis, esophageal candidiasis, cerebral toxoplasmosis and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia were the most incident opportunistic illnesses in the cohort. Tuberculosis had the highest incidence rate in the study period. The peak in tuberculosis incidence occurred in 1991–1993 (80.8/1000 persons-years). Cerebral toxoplasmosis was the third most incident opportunistic illness in the study, with a peak of incidence of 43.6/1000 persons-year in 1987–1990.ConclusionsAll opportunistic illnesses incidence rates decreased over the years but they still occur in an unacceptable frequency. Tuberculosis co-infection among HIV-infected persists as an important challenge for health care professionals and policy makers in our setting. Impressively high rates of cerebral toxoplasmosis were found suggesting that its incidence among HIV-infected is linked to the high prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in the general population.

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“…26 Most common presenting complaint was fever, weight loss, cough followed by diarrhea similar to the other studies 7,9,14,27 but in contrast to data from other part of the world. 8 The spectrum of opportunistic infections has a similar presentation with data from other part of the country 12,17,22 but in contrast to studies from other part of the world 28,29 with tuberculosis being the second commonest opportunistic infection (33.63%) strengthening the high prevalence of fever, cough and weight loss in the studied population. 12,17,27,30 Low mean CD4 count and high social interaction in male as compare to female might be a reason for higher frequency of PLTB in male subjects than females.…”

Section: Thesupporting

confidence: 71%

Socio-Clinical Profile Of HIV Patients Visiting To An Art Centre

Singh

Alawa

2014

SAARC J. Tuber. Lung Dis. HIV/AIDS

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Opportunistic Infections and Other AIDS-defining Illnesses in Poland in 2000–2002

Abstract: Five years after the introduction of HAART the incidence of ADIs had declined. Fungal infections and tuberculosis were the most common OIs in HIV+ patients in Poland.

Cited by 22 publications

References 15 publications

Incidence and predictors of HIV related opportunistic infections after initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy at Ayder Referral Hospital, Mekelle, Ethiopia: A retrospective single centered cohort study

Incidence and predictors of HIV related opportunistic infections after initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy at Ayder Referral Hospital, Mekelle, Ethiopia: A retrospective single centered cohort study

Trends in AIDS-Defining Opportunistic Illnesses Incidence over 25 Years in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Socio-Clinical Profile Of HIV Patients Visiting To An Art Centre

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