Opportunistic bacteria and mass mortality in ungulates: lessons from an extreme event

Robinson, Sarah; Milner‐Gulland, E. J.; Grachev, Iu. A.; Salemgareyev, Albert; Orynbayev, Mukhit; Лущекина, А. А.; Morgan, Eric R.; Beauvais, Wendy; Singh, Navinder J.; Khomenko, Sergei; Cammack, Rosie; Kock, Richard

doi:10.1002/ecs2.2671

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Also, livestock were protected by partial vaccination, but we lack data to determine if coverage was adequate for effective protection. However, we would expect even the limited veterinary services in the area, or the herders themselves, to detect and document outbreaks of pasteurellosis as this region has a history of this disease (Robinson et al, 2019;table 3). Moreover, how contact with livestock in the weeks preceding the die-off (not in the die-off areas) might have affected any cross-species transmission needs investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Beyond FMD, pasture-sharing with domestic animals is a source of other diseases which have caused saiga mortality (Lundervold et al, 2001). Mass Mortality Events (MMEs) affecting tens or hundreds of thousands of animals in 1981, 1984 and 1988 were suspected to be various forms of pasteurellosis (Robinson et al, 2019), which also occurs in livestock.…”

Section: Case Study Of Framework Application: Saiga Antelopesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also used comprehensive reviews of the relevant information in the Russian literature. For instance, Robinson et al (2019) reviewed Soviet-era literature on MMEs, Lundervold et al (2001) reviews historical disease events and prevalence in saigas recorded in English and Russian, and Bekenov et al (1998) reviews the ecology and management of saigas in Kazakhstan, including disease. This literature was used to understand the presence, transmission risk, and severity of diseases that can infect livestock and saigas.…”

Section: Step Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Epidemiologically, a high number and density of hosts is expected to promote disease transmission, assuming presence of transmissible pathogens. The literature frequently highlights calving as a high-risk time for disease (Robinson et al, 2019;Morgan et al, 2006).…”

Section: = [ ] ×mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

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Building an ecologically founded disease risk prioritization framework for migratory wildlife species based on contact with livestock

Khanyari

Robinson

Morgan

et al. 2021

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Case Study Of Framework Application: Saiga Antelopesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Step Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: = [ ] ×mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Building an ecologically founded disease risk prioritization framework for migratory wildlife species based on contact with livestock

Khanyari

Robinson

Morgan

et al. 2021

Journal of Applied Ecology

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An infectious disease outbreak and increased mortality in wild alpine reindeer

et al. 2023

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Climate changes may lead to tipping points where the epidemiological characteristics of infectious wildlife diseases suddenly change, leading to outbreaks. However, empirically documented cases of the extent to which emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) affect populations of large vertebrates are few, partly because of the limited surveillance of remote wildlife populations. EIDs may potentially lead to higher mortality than mean mortality levels. Here, we quantified the likely impact of digital necrobacillosis on the survival and population dynamics of wild alpine reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) in Hardangervidda National Park (NP), Norway. The outbreak of digital necrobacillosis in 2019 contributed to a decrease in the summer survival rate of juveniles to 51% compared to an average of 88% in 2005-2018 and 77% in 2020.However, since the outbreak mainly reduced juvenile survival, the impact on short-term population dynamics was moderate, lowering the population growth rate (λ) before harvest from an average value of 1.18 (2005-2018) to 1.08 (2019) before harvest. In 2019, anomalous climate conditions with a high daily mean temperature combined with the highest recorded daily precipitation in late summer were observed. Further studies are required to document the pathological development of digital necrobacillosis across demographic groups and proximate and ultimate causes of mortality.

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Declining survival rates of red foxes Vulpes vulpes during the first outbreak of sarcoptic mange in Sweden

Willebrand

Samelius²,

Walton

et al. 2021

Wildlife Biology

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Rapid declines in red fox Vulpes vulpes populations have followed outbreaks of epizootic mange caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei. In Sweden, the first outbreak of sarcoptic mange started in 1977/1978 and affected the whole country by 1984. Here we used data on the number of harvested red foxes (51 480) from Gävleborg county (18 199 km 2 ) in Sweden between 1970 and 1994. We used data on the prevalence of sarcoptic mange in a sample of harvested red foxes (2694) from 1974 to 1982. A rapid decline in harvested foxes occurred two to three years after the prevalence of sarcoptic mange first became evident. In the same period, mark-recovery data were used to estimate changes in survival rates, and the best model included an effect of age (young or adult) and period (annual) on the survival and recapture probabilities. The analysis was based on data from 701 young foxes of which 523 were recovered, and 133 adults of which 131 were recovered. Average annual survival was 0.55 (range = 0.53-0.58) for adults and 0.36 (range = 0.32-0.39) for young foxes in the three years preceding the outbreak. During the outbreak and the remaining six years of the study, the average survival was reduced to 0.41 (range = 0.30-0.48) for adults and to 0.25 (range = 0.17-0.30) for young foxes. A population model, based on results on our survival analysis and literature data on fecundity, was developed to project the decline of the fox population. The rate and magnitude of the reduction in projected population and harvested foxes were similar, with both reduced by almost ninety percent. Harvest statistics indicate the fox population recovered to pre-mange densities in less than 10 years after the first detection of mange indicating a rapid development of resistance in the host. This study shows the importance of long-term population monitoring in combination with largescale field-experiments to devise alternative management options.

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Opportunistic bacteria and mass mortality in ungulates: lessons from an extreme event

Abstract: 2019. Opportunistic bacteria and mass mortality in ungulates: lessons from an extreme event. Ecosphere 10(6):Abstract. Mass mortality events in wildlife are a growing concern. Under conditions of rapid global ❖

Cited by 17 publications

References 62 publications

Building an ecologically founded disease risk prioritization framework for migratory wildlife species based on contact with livestock

Building an ecologically founded disease risk prioritization framework for migratory wildlife species based on contact with livestock

An infectious disease outbreak and increased mortality in wild alpine reindeer

Declining survival rates of red foxes Vulpes vulpes during the first outbreak of sarcoptic mange in Sweden

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