OPN02-3: Low Complexity Design of a Wavelength-Selective Switch Using Raman Amplifiers and Directional Couplers

Wu, Jieh-Chian; Tsai, Tsair-Liang

doi:10.1109/glocom.2006.366

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…For instance, the configurable power gains of the wavelengths switched to output port 2 must be greater than 10.79 dB; whereas the power gains of the wavelengths switched to output port 1 are bounded lower than 6.02 dB for the least complexity switching structure of the 1 × 2 switch in [3]. Similarly, when a 2 × 2 switch described in [4] is working in the bar state, the configurable power gains of the selected wavelengths must, respectively, be greater than 15.31 and 42.53 dB for the two output ports of the switch; whereas, when the 2 × 2 switch is working in the cross state, the power gains of the unselected wavelengths for both output ports are 0 dB [4].…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This property may induce large power differences among the wavelengths of the switches. The switches in articles [3] and [4] improve the power gain property to be configurable, however, the power gain for the wavelengths in the switches may be still unequal. For instance, the configurable power gains of the wavelengths switched to output port 2 must be greater than 10.79 dB; whereas the power gains of the wavelengths switched to output port 1 are bounded lower than 6.02 dB for the least complexity switching structure of the 1 × 2 switch in [3].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, a kind of high-speed wavelength-selective switch constructed with several waveguide-type Raman amplifiers and waveguide-type direction couplers has been proposed [2][3][4]. By properly pumping injection wavelengths to the Raman amplifiers in the switches, the corresponding wavelengths multiplexed in the incident WDM signal will obtain power amplification and will be selectively routed to a particular output port.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Design of a variable optical attenuator with wavelength selectivity

Tsai

2009

Photon Netw Commun

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We propose a theoretical design of a high-speed wavelength-selective variable optical attenuator (VOA) constructed by a waveguide-type Raman amplifier and two directional couplers. The VOA can attenuate each incident WDM wavelength individually and simultaneously in a few tens of picoseconds by applying the corresponding pumping wavelength to the Raman amplifier. We define two operation modes, which may allow the attenuation ratio to decrease or increase by increasing the amplification rate of the Raman amplifier. The profile of the attenuation curves of the two operation modes can be flexibly determined by properly selecting the phase angles of the directional couplers. The guidelines to determine these phase angles of the two directional couplers are provided after the operational analyses.

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confidence: 97%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Design of a variable optical attenuator with wavelength selectivity

Tsai

2009

Photon Netw Commun

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“…The switching elements (SE) of a photonic switching network can naturally be constructed with perhaps the most widely studied and commercially available optical component: the directional couplers [14,22,27] (for the 2 × 2-SE case). However, directional couplers and many other optical SEs suffer from optical crosstalk between interfering channels, which is one of the major obstacles in designing cost-effective switches [1,3,24].…”

Section: The Crosstalk-free Widesense Nonblocking Photonic Switching mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing Nonblocking Multilog Networks With the König–egevarý Theorem

Ngo

Nguyen

2009

Discrete Math. Algorithm. Appl.

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When analyzing a nonblocking switching network, the typical problem is to find a route for a new request through the network without disturbing existing routes. By solving this problem, we can derive how many hardware components of a certain type (Banyan planes in a multi-log network, for instance) are needed for the network to be nonblocking. This scenario appears in virtually all combinations of switching environments: strictly, widesense or rearrangeably nonblocking, unicast or multicast switching, and circuit, multirate, or photonic switching.In this paper, we show that the König-Egevarý theorem is a very good tool which helps solve the above prototypical problem. The idea is to somehow "represent" the potential blocking connections as edges of a bipartite graph. The maximum number of blocking connections roughly corresponds to the size of a maximum matching in that bipartite graph. The size of any vertex cover, by the König-Egevarý theorem, is an upper bound on the maximum number of blocking connections. Thus, by specifying a small vertex cover, we can derive the sufficient number of hardware components for the network to be nonblocking. We illustrate the technique by analyzing crosstalk-free and non-crosstalk-free widesense nonblocking multicast multi-log networks.Particularly, for the first time in the literature we derive conditions for the d-ary multi-log network to be crosstalk-free multicast widesense nonblocking under the window algorithm for any given window size. Several by-products follow from our approach and results. Firstly, our results allow for computing the best window size minimizing the fabric cost, showing that the multi-log network is a good candidate for crosstalk-free multicast switching architectures. Secondly, the analytical approach also gives a much simpler proof of the known case when the network is not required to be crosstalk-free. Thirdly, we show that several known results for the multi-log multicast networks under the so-called fanout constraints are simple corollaries of our results.

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“…For instance, when d = 2 we can use directional couplers as SEs [14,18,22]. However, directional couplers and many other optical switching elements suffer from optical crosstalk between interfering channels, which is one of the major obstacles in designing cost-effective switches [2,3,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Linear Programming Duality Approach to Analyzing Strictly Nonblocking d-ary Multilog Networks under General Crosstalk Constraints

Ngo

Wang

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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When a switching network topology is used for constructing optical cross-connects, as in the circuit switching case, no two routes are allowed to share a link. However, if two routes share too many switching elements, then crosstalk introduced at those switching elements degrades signal quality. Vaez and Lea [20] introduced a parameter c which is the maximum number of distinct switching elements a route can share with other routes in the network. This is called the general crosstalk constraint. This paper presents a new method of analyzing strictly nonblocking multi-log networks under this general crosstalk constraint using linear programming duality.We improve known results on several fronts: (a) our sufficient conditions are better than known sufficient conditions for log d (N, 0, m) to be strictly nonblocking under general crosstalk constraints, (b) our results are on d-ary multi-log networks while known results are on binary networks, and (c) for several ranges of the parameter c, we give the first known necessary conditions for this problem which also match our sufficient conditions from the LP-duality approach.One important advantage of the LP-duality approach is the ease and brevity of sufficiency proofs. All one has to do is to verify that a solution is indeed dual-feasible and the dual-objective value automatically gives us a sufficient condition. Earlier works on this problem relied on combinatorial arguments which are quite intricate and somewhat error-prone.

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OPN02-3: Low Complexity Design of a Wavelength-Selective Switch Using Raman Amplifiers and Directional Couplers

Cited by 11 publications

References 11 publications

Design of a variable optical attenuator with wavelength selectivity

Design of a variable optical attenuator with wavelength selectivity

Analyzing Nonblocking Multilog Networks With the König–egevarý Theorem

A Linear Programming Duality Approach to Analyzing Strictly Nonblocking d-ary Multilog Networks under General Crosstalk Constraints

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