Opisthotonus in Neurosyphilis: A Case Report

Chauhan, Vijai; Pickens, Andrew T.

doi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2008.04.038

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 9 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…Maple syrup urine disease [17] Meningitis [18,19] Monoamine neurotransmitter defect [20,21] Encephalitis [22,23] Wilson disease [24] Tetanus [1,[25][26][27][28] Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA), e.g., pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN) [15] Rabies [29] Other genetic disorders 1 [21,30] Neurosyphilis [31] Cerebral malaria [12] Toxins/elevated toxic metabolites Kernicterus [12] Strychnine [32] Phencyclidine [32] Phenothiazines [32] Propofol [33,34] Methoxphenidine [35] Neonatal caffeine overdose [32] Increased Intracranial Pressure Subarachnoid hemorrhage [5] Intracerebral hemorrhage [5] Hydrocephalus [36] Mass/Tumor [36] Autoimmune…”

Section: Infectious/post-infectiousmentioning

confidence: 99%

Botulinum Neurotoxin Injections in Childhood Opisthotonus

Hull

Parnes

Jankovic

2021

Toxins

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Opisthotonus refers to abnormal axial extension and arching of the trunk produced by excessive contractions of the paraspinal muscles. In childhood, the abnormal posture is most often related to dystonia in the setting of hypoxic injury or a number of other acquired and genetic etiologies. The condition is often painful, interferes with ambulation and quality of life, and is challenging to treat. Therapeutic options include oral benzodiazepines, oral and intrathecal baclofen, botulinum neurotoxin injections, and deep brain stimulation. Management of opisthotonus within the pediatric population has not been systematically reviewed. Here, we describe a series of seven children who presented to our institution with opisthotonus in whom symptom relief was achieved following administration of botulinum neurotoxin injections.

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Section: Infectious/post-infectiousmentioning

confidence: 99%

Botulinum Neurotoxin Injections in Childhood Opisthotonus

Hull

Parnes

Jankovic

2021

Toxins

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Movement Disorders in Infectious Dementias

Cardoso

Caramelli

2014

Movement Disorders in Dementias

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Changes in neurosyphilis presentation: a survey on 286 patients

Drago

Merlo

Ciccarese

et al. 2016

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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Although neurosyphilis (NS) keeps plaguing worldwide, often with oligosymptomatic and atypical manifestations, the most recent reports fail to provide useful information, like details of the clinical history and even of the previous early therapy. We conducted a survey of the literature of the last 5 years on the clinical presentation of NS, recording the aforementioned inaccuracies. One hundred and thirty-seven articles were collected, reporting on 286 patients. General paresis was the commonest form (49%), often manifesting with cognitive impairment and psychiatric symptoms. Syphilitic meningitis was found in 63 patients (22%), mainly with ocular or auditory involvement. Meningovascular and tabetic form were both found in 12% of cases. Gummatous and epileptic manifestations were rare. Perusal of the literature confirms that NS prevalence is increasing, often with manifestations that are atypical for timing and type of lesions. Unfortunately, many articles are lacking of critical information, like an accurate clinical history and timing of the therapy making difficult to assess the effectiveness of penicillin in preventing NS.

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Opisthotonus in Neurosyphilis: A Case Report

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Botulinum Neurotoxin Injections in Childhood Opisthotonus

Botulinum Neurotoxin Injections in Childhood Opisthotonus

Movement Disorders in Infectious Dementias

Changes in neurosyphilis presentation: a survey on 286 patients

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