Opioid-overdose laws association with opioid use and overdose mortality

McClellan, Chandler; Lambdin, Barrot H.; Ali, Mir M.; Mutter, Ryan; Davis, Corey S.; Wheeler, Eliza; Pemberton, Michael; Kral, Alex H.

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.03.014

Cited by 187 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

144

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We found that the naloxone dispensing rate and third-party payer One of the most widely discussed strategies to prevent fatal opioid overdose is to increase naloxone access. 34,[40][41][42] As demand for naloxone has increased, the cost of naloxone has also increased.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between state Medicaid expansion status and naloxone prescription dispensing

Sohn

Talbert

Delcher

et al. 2020

Health Services Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective To test whether Medicaid expansion is associated with (a) a greater number of naloxone prescriptions dispensed and (b) a higher proportion of naloxone prescriptions paid by Medicaid. Data Sources/Study Setting We used the IQVIA National Prescription Audit to obtain data on per state per quarter naloxone prescription dispensing for the period 2011‐16. Study Design In this quasi‐experimental design study, the impact of Medicaid expansion on naloxone prescription dispensing was examined using difference‐in‐difference estimation models. State‐level covariates including pharmacy‐based naloxone laws (standing/protocol orders and direct authority to dispense naloxone), third‐party prescribing laws, opioid analgesic prescribing rates, opioid‐involved overdose death rates, and population size were controlled for in the analysis. Principal Findings Medicaid expansion was associated with 38 additional naloxone prescriptions dispensed per state per quarter compared to nonexpansion controls, on average (P = .030). Also, Medicaid expansion resulted in an average increase of 9.86 percent in the share of naloxone prescriptions paid by Medicaid per state per quarter (P < .001). Conclusions Our study found that Medicaid expansion increased naloxone availability. This finding suggests that it will be important to consider naloxone access when making federal‐ and state‐level decisions affecting Medicaid coverage.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between state Medicaid expansion status and naloxone prescription dispensing

Sohn

Talbert

Delcher

et al. 2020

Health Services Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…McClellan et al, 12 which found that states that implemented naloxone access laws had a 14% lower incidence of deaths related to opioid overdose compared with states that did not have laws that increased naloxone access. Moreover, a study by Gertner et al 13 reported that the presence of any naloxone access-related law increased the number of naloxone orders dispensed in the Medicaid population; the presence of a standing-order policy had a major role in this increase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between a State Law Allowing Pharmacists to Dispense Naloxone Without a Prescription and Naloxone Dispensing Rates

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IMPORTANCE Between 2015 and 2017, Ohio had the second highest number of opioid-related deaths. In July 2015, the Ohio General Assembly approved a law allowing pharmacists to dispense naloxone without a prescription in accordance with a physician-approved protocol. This change in the law allowed pharmacists to have more opportunity to participate in the management of patients who were addicted to opioids. OBJECTIVE To determine the association between the implementation of an Ohio law allowing pharmacists to dispense naloxone without a prescription in accordance with a physician-approved protocol and naloxone dispensing rates. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A segmented regression analysis of an interrupted time series was performed for 30 consecutive months to evaluate the change in the naloxone dispensing rate before and after the implementation of the state law. Ohio Medicaid naloxone claims and Kroger Pharmacy naloxone claims for all 88 counties in Ohio were examined. Any patient 18 years or older with at least 1 naloxone order dispensed through Ohio Medicaid or by a Kroger Pharmacy in Ohio

show abstract

“…The recent published and working paper literature has identified different effects of harm reduction policies using a variety of different assumptions and empirical methods and has focused exclusively on opioid overdose mortality. McClellan et al, using data from 2002‐2014, find negative effects of both GS and NA policies on opioid overdose mortality, with no effect on non‐medical opioid use. The GS policy effects appear to be driven by effects for blacks, Hispanics, 35‐ to 44‐year‐olds, and 55‐ to 64‐year‐olds.…”

Section: Review Of Existing Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Surprisingly, few studies have investigated the effects of GS policies despite the policy first originating with New Mexico in 2007 and diffusing across the country. 7,8 Our study investigates the effect of GS policy, while accounting for other changes in harm reduction and substance use policies, on overdose deaths for several categories of drugs including all, prescription, and illicit drug poisonings. We then consider more refined measures including controlled substances and opioids specifically.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Good Samaritan harm reduction policy and drug overdose deaths

Atkins

Durrance

Kim³

2019

Health Services Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective To examine the effects of a harm reduction policy, specifically Good Samaritan (GS) policy, on overdose deaths. Data Sources/Study Setting Secondary data from multiple cause of death, mortality records paired with state harm reduction and substance use prevention policy. Study Design We estimate fixed effects Poisson count models to model the effect of GS policy on overdose deaths for all, prescription, and illicit drugs, controlled substances, and opioids, while controlling for other harm reduction and substance use prevention policies. Data Collection/Extraction Methods We merge secondary data sources by state and year between 1999 and 2016. Principal findings We fail to identify a statistically significant effect of GS policy in reducing overdose deaths broadly. Conclusions While we are unable to identify an effect of GS policy on overdose deaths, GS policy may have important effects on first‐stage outcomes not investigated in this paper. Given recent state policy changes and rapid increase in many categories of overdose deaths, additional research should continue to examine the implementation and effects of harm reduction policy specifically and substance use prevention policy broadly.

show abstract

Opioid-overdose laws association with opioid use and overdose mortality

Abstract: Laws designed to increase layperson engagement in opioid-overdose reversal were associated with reduced opioid-overdose mortality. We found no evidence that these measures were associated with increased non-medical opioid use.

Cited by 187 publications

References 21 publications

Association between state Medicaid expansion status and naloxone prescription dispensing

Association between state Medicaid expansion status and naloxone prescription dispensing

Association Between a State Law Allowing Pharmacists to Dispense Naloxone Without a Prescription and Naloxone Dispensing Rates

Good Samaritan harm reduction policy and drug overdose deaths

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About