Opioid Agonist Maintenance for Probationers: Patient-Level Predictors of Treatment Retention, Drug Use, and Crime

Gryczynski, Jan; Kinlock, Timothy W.; Kelly, Sharon M.; O’Grady, Kevin E.; Gordon, Michael S.; Schwartz, Robert P.

doi:10.1080/08897077.2011.616816

Cited by 36 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…Receipt of pharmacotherapy for opioid use disorder was also low, consistent with treatment patterns documented among the general veteran VHA population. 41,42 Given that these treatments are linked with reductions in substance use and less recidivism among criminal justice populations, 43,44 strategies to improve receipt of these medications among veterans in the justice system would likely contribute to the goals of the VJO program.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders and Treatment Entry Among Justice-involved Veterans in the Veterans Health Administration

et al. 2015

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Background Over half of veterans in the criminal justice system have mental health or substance use disorders. However, there is a critical lack of information about female veterans in the criminal justice system and how diagnosis prevalence and treatment entry differ by sex. Objectives To document prevalence of mental health and substance use disorder diagnoses and treatment entry rates among female veterans compared with male veterans in the justice system. Research Design Retrospective cohort study using national Veterans Health Administration clinical/administrative data from veterans seen by Veterans Justice Outreach Specialists in fiscal years 2010–2012. Subjects A total of 1535 females and 30,478 male veterans were included. Measures Demographic characteristics (eg, sex, age, residence, homeless status), mental health disorders (eg, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder), substance use disorders (eg, alcohol and opioid use disorders), and treatment entry (eg, outpatient, residential, pharmacotherapy). Results Among female veterans, prevalence of mental health and substance use disorders was 88% and 58%, respectively, compared with 76% and 72% among male veterans. Women had higher odds of being diagnosed with a mental health disorder [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.98; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.68–2.34] and lower odds of being diagnosed with a substance use disorder (AOR = 0.50; 95% CI, 0.45–0.56) compared with men. Women had lower odds of entering mental health residential treatment (AOR = 0.69; 95% CI, 0.57–0.83). Conclusions Female veterans involved in the justice system have a high burden of mental health disorders (88%) and more than half have substance use disorders (58%). Entry to mental health residential treatment for women is an important quality improvement target.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders and Treatment Entry Among Justice-involved Veterans in the Veterans Health Administration

et al. 2015

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“…Such an analysis was possible in Baltimore because the criminal justice and substance abuse agencies have a long history of collaboration and of providing access to methadone for probationers and parolees (Gryczynski et al, 2012) and now to buprenorphine treatment. Indeed, over 40% of the patient sample in these two formerly drug-free outpatient buprenorphine programs was on probation or parole at the time of treatment entry.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yet despite Food and Drug Administration approval for methadone treatment for opioid addiction treatment, strong evidence from clinical trials and meta-analyses of the effectiveness of such treatment in reducing opioid use (Mattick, Breen, Kimber, & Davoli, 2009), and the recommendation of its use by the National Institutes of Health (NIH, 1998), the Institute of Medicine (Institute of Medicine, 2006), and the World Health Organization (WHO, 2005), methadone treatment has been underutilized in parole and probation settings (Gryczynski et al, 2012). This underutilization persists despite evidence that methadone treatment is effective for probationers and parolees (Anglin, 1988; Brecht & Anglin, 1993; Desmond & Maddox, 1996; Gryczynski et al, 2012; Kelly et al, 2013). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the 12 week trial of active medication, participants assigned to buprenorphine had significantly fewer weekly opioid-positive urine tests ( p <.001). While methadone treatment has been shown to be associated with marked reduction in heroin and cocaine use and income-generating crime among individuals under criminal justice supervision (Gryczynski et al, 2012; Kelly et al, 2013), there has been little research on the outcomes of probationers and parolees in buprenorphine treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Treatment Outcomes of African American Buprenorphine Patients by Parole and Probation Status

Mitchell

Gryczynski

Kelly

et al. 2013

Journal of Drug Issues

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This secondary analysis compared outcomes of African-American adults newly-admitted to buprenorphine treatment who were on parole and probation to patients who were not under criminal justice supervision. Buprenorphine patients (N=300) were randomly assigned to receive either Intensive Outpatient Treatment (IOP) or Standard Outpatient Treatment (OP) treatment and were assessed at baseline, 3- and 6-months. There were no differences between groups in treatment retention. Among probationers/parolees, IOP was associated with lower 3-month treatment retention compared to OP, but among participants not on probation/parole the relationship was reversed (p=.004). Both conditions showed significant declines in heroin and cocaine use, illegal activity, and in meeting DSM-IV criteria for opioid and cocaine dependence. Probationers/parolees reported lower frequency of illegal activities at 3-months compared to non-probationers/parolees (p=.007). Buprenorphine treatment should be made more widely available to individuals on parole/probation as they respond as well to treatment as patients not supervised by the criminal justice system.

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“…Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) -medications for treating substance dependence paired with psychosocial treatment -demonstrates strong benefits in achieving abstinence and long-term recovery in both general and justice-involved community populations (O'Brien, 2008;Minozzi et al, 2011;Mattick, Breen, Kimber, & Davoli, 2014;Mattick, Breen, Kimber, & Davoli, 2009;Rösner et al, 2010;Kennedy et al, 2010;Bouza, Angeles, Muñoz, & Amate, 2004;Boothby & Doering, 2005;Jørgensen, Pedersen, & Tønnesen, 2011;Anton et al, 2006;Gastfriend, 2011;Pettinati et al, 2011;Krupitsky et al, 2011;Schwappach et al, 2012;Connock et al, 2007;Walters, Connor, Feeney, & Young, 2009;Zarkin et al, 2008;Finigan, Perkins, Zold-Kilbourn, Parks, & Stringer, 2011;Gryczynski et al, 2012;Lee et al, 2012;Lee et al, 2016). But it is also a mode of treatment that has been vastly underutilized, especially in justice-involved populations (Knudsen, Abraham, & Roman, 2011;Friedmann et al, 2012;Schmidt et al, 2012;Mitchell et al, 2016;Matusow et al, 2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Extended-release naltrexone and drug treatment courts: Policy and evidence for implementing an evidence-based treatment

Robertson

Swartz

2018

Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment

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a b s t r a c tWith insufficient access to treatment and a tradition of criminalizing addiction, people with substance use disorders -including opioid dependence -are more likely to be incarcerated than they are to receive the treatment they need. Drug treatment courts aim to address this problem, engaging their participants in substance use treatment in lieu of incarceration. Drug courts offer an especially important window of opportunity to connect opioid-dependent participants to extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX), at a time when they are under highly-structured court supervision and required to detoxify from opioids to participate. Given the high cost of XR-NTX and high rates of uninsurance in the drug court population, new rigorous cost-effectiveness evidence is needed to demonstrate the extent to which XR-NTX improves program outcomes, including by reducing recidivism. With that new evidence, drug courts and the counties in which they are situated can make informed and difficult policy decisions about funding XR-NTX for some of their highest-risk community members.

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Opioid Agonist Maintenance for Probationers: Patient-Level Predictors of Treatment Retention, Drug Use, and Crime

Cited by 36 publications

References 33 publications

Sex Differences in Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders and Treatment Entry Among Justice-involved Veterans in the Veterans Health Administration

Sex Differences in Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders and Treatment Entry Among Justice-involved Veterans in the Veterans Health Administration

Treatment Outcomes of African American Buprenorphine Patients by Parole and Probation Status

Extended-release naltrexone and drug treatment courts: Policy and evidence for implementing an evidence-based treatment

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