Opioid activity of Humana formula for newborns

Abstract

Recent investigations have suggested that novel food should be evaluated not only from the nutritional but also from the physiological point of view. Opioid peptides derived from milk belong to compounds whose physiological importance has not yet been fully recognized. The commercial Humana formula for newborns sold on the Polish market was assayed in the study. Four opioid peptides with agonistic and antagonistic activity were found in a peptide extract from the Humana formula and its pepsin-trypsin hydrolysate: β-casomorphin-5, casoxin C and 6 and lactoferroxin A. The opioid activity of the peptide extracts was determined by examining their influence on the motor activity of isolated rabbit intestine. In conclusion, it was suggested that the opioid activity of the formulas could be an additional indicator of their diversity.

Occurrence of β-casomorphins 5 and 7 in commercial dairy products and in their digests following in vitro simulated gastro-intestinal digestion

“…Occurrence of BCM5 and BCM7 in commercial dairy products Formation and fate of BCM5 and BCM7 have been mainly investigated adopting enzymatic hydrolysis of bovine b-CN using digestive proteinases and peptidases (Jinsmaa & Yoshikawa, 1999;Macaud, Zhao, Ricart, & Piot, 1999). On the contrary, scant information concerns the actual levels of BCM5 and BCM7 in undigested milk products or in their digests following enzymatic treatment or SGID (Jarmolowska, Kostyra, Krawczuk, & Kostyra, 1999;Muehlenkamp & Warthesen, 1996;Jarmolowska et al, 2007). Recently, an HPLC-MS/MS method has been developed for quantifying BCM5 and BCM7 in infant formulas (De Noni, 2008).…”

Transport of bovine milk-derived opioid peptides across a Caco-2 monolayer

“…Characteristic features of BCMs include a high content of proline, their hydrophobic character and the presence of tyrosine on the N-terminus, required for interaction with m-opioid (MOP) receptor (Brantl et al, 1979;Teschemacher, 2003). The existence of these peptides has been reported in bovine milk (Cie sliń ska et al, 2007), dairy products (Jarmo1owska et al, 1999;Kostyra et al, 2003;Krawczuk et al, 2007), human milk (Jarmo1owska et al, 2007a) and formulas for newborns (Jarmo1owska et al, 2007b;Sturner and Chang, 1988).…”

Identification of β-casomorphins 3 to 7 in cheeses and in their in vitro gastrointestinal digestates

“…Despite this, very few information is still available about the actual levels of these peptides in cheeses and particularly in their digestates (Jarmołowska, Kostyra, Krawczuk, & Kostyra, 1999;Jarmołowska et al, 2007;Muehlenkamp & Warthesen, 1996). To the best of our knowledge, no data on the actual BCMs content in cheese have been reported in literature since the studies of De Noni and Cattaneo (2010) and Sienkiewicz-Szlapka et al (2009).…”

“…Different in vitro SGID protocols have been adopted for studying the release of bioactive peptides in cheeses (Adt et al, 2011;De Noni & Cattaneo, 2010;Jarmołowska et al, 2007;Kopf-Bolanz et al, 2012;Kopf-Bolanz et al, 2014). Recently, the paper of Minekus et al (2014) proposed a standardized in vitro static digestion method based on physiologically relevant conditions at the oral, gastric and intestinal digestion steps.…”