Opiates increase plasma catecholamines in humans

Hoehe, Margret R.; Duka, T.

doi:10.1016/0306-4530(93)90065-s

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Under these conditions, opioid receptor agonists even increased urine and plasma catecholamine concentrations. 5,10 In contrast, fentanyl (2.5 to 5 g/kg IV) did not change MSA when given to awake premedicated patients and unpremedicated volunteers. 8,11 In contrast to the absence of sympathetic inhibition by acute opioid administration in humans, chronic -opioid receptor stimulation by methadone in our patients was associated with decreased MSA and norepinephrine plasma concentration compared with those of healthy control subjects.…”

Section: Interpretation Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2 Acute administration of -opioid receptor agonists provides little insight in this respect, because any effects are blurred by respiratory depression, an altered state of consciousness, or even anesthesia. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Furthermore, under resting conditions, -opioid receptor blockade by naloxone, which attenuates the effects of endogenous opioids, does not change muscle sympathetic activity (MSA), arterial baroreflex gain, or catecholamine plasma concentrations in healthy volunteers. [12][13][14][15][16] Conversely, naloxone potentiates the increase in MSA during exercise and in response to lower-body negative pressure, indicating inhibition of MSA by endogenous opioids when the sympathetic nervous system is activated.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Chronic μ-Opioid Receptor Stimulation in Humans Decreases Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity

et al. 2001

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Background-Opioid-addicted patients undergoing detoxification provide a unique opportunity to assess the effects of chronic opioid receptor stimulation on the sympathetic nervous system. We tested the hypothesis that chronic oral methadone intake decreases resting efferent sympathetic nerve activity to muscle (MSA). Furthermore, we assessed whether this effect is reversed by -opioid receptor blockade during antagonist-supported detoxification under general anesthesia. Methods and Results-Fifteen young patients (30Ϯ1 years old, meanϮSEM) with a long history of mono-opioid addiction and under oral methadone substitution therapy (65Ϯ10 mg/d for 21Ϯ6 months) were selected. Peroneal MSA (microneurography) and catecholamine plasma concentrations (high-performance liquid chromatography) were assessed in the awake state and compared with those of age-matched healthy control subjects. The effects of -opioid receptor blockade by naloxone (12.4 mg IV) were determined during propofol anesthesia. Compared with healthy volunteers, resting MSA (4Ϯ2 versus 22Ϯ2 bursts/min, PϽ0.0001) and antecubital venous norepinephrine plasma concentration (100Ϯ64 versus 256Ϯ48 pg/mL, Pϭ0.01) were markedly decreased in addicted patients despite similar arterial blood pressure and heart rate. Opioid receptor blockade markedly increased MSA (5Ϯ2 to 24Ϯ3 bursts/min) and norepinephrine (49Ϯ12 to 305Ϯ48 pg/mL) and epinephrine (13Ϯ2 to 482Ϯ67 pg/mL) arterial plasma concentrations as well as mean arterial pressure (82Ϯ4 to 108Ϯ3 mm Hg) and heart rate (70Ϯ3 to 86Ϯ4 beats/min). Conclusions-Chronic

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Section: Interpretation Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Chronic μ-Opioid Receptor Stimulation in Humans Decreases Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity

et al. 2001

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“…Moreover, opioids act at central opioid receptors to activate sympathetic outflow and increase catecholamine secretion [9,13]. In healthy male humans, increasing doses of fentanyl induced a significant dose-dependent increase in plasma catecholamine levels [9]. This process is not yet clearly understood, but it is suggested that opioid-induced catecholamine release is mediated by a particular type of opioid receptor in the CNS [15].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…This process inhibits neuron activation and neurotransmitter secretion, inducing sedation [4]. Moreover, opioids act at central opioid receptors to activate sympathetic outflow and increase catecholamine secretion [9,13]. In healthy male humans, increasing doses of fentanyl induced a significant dose-dependent increase in plasma catecholamine levels [9].…”

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confidence: 99%

Skin Conductance Reflects Drug-Induced Changes in Blood Levels of Cortisol, Adrenaline and Noradrenaline in Dogs

Ishibashi

Akiyoshi

Iseri

et al. 2013

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. To verify availability of skin conductance (SC) as an indicator for the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity in dogs, the changes in SC and blood levels of stress-related hormones induced by drugs were compared. SC and cortisol, adrenaline and noradrenaline levels were measured in 5 dogs on 4 occasions with or without drug-induced sedation at 7-day intervals (no treatment, intramuscular medetomidine 0.01 mg/kg, intramuscular acepromazine 0.1 mg/kg and intravenous fentanyl 0.02 mg/kg). The fentanyl treatment produced significantly higher levels of SC and plasma cortisol and adrenaline compared with the other 3 treatments. The plasma noradrenaline level also tended to be higher following the fentanyl treatment. These results indicate that SC may reflect changes in the SNS activities in dogs. KEY wORdS: nervous system, skin conductance, stress.doi: 10.1292/jvms.12-0478; J. Vet. Med. Sci. 75(6): 809-813, 2013 Stress is the physical and physiological influence exerted on bodily functions by threatening incidents. Transient stress is normally controlled by physiological activities that maintain the body in a steady state. However, exposure to continual stress is harder to control and may cause stress-related diseases, such as atrophy of lymph nodes [1], peptic ulcers [16] and high blood pressure [22]. To prevent these diseases and improve the quality of life, it is important to elucidate the stress levels experienced by the body.Traditional indicators of stress are stress-related hormones, such as cortisol and catecholamines [3, 5]. At first, stress is exhibited in the limbic system and is then transmitted to the rest of the body via 2 pathways: the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal axis (HPA axis) and the sympathetic-adrenal-medullary axis (SAM axis). The HPA axis activates the secretion of cortisol, whereas the SAM axis activates the secretion of catecholamines. Thus, the release of stress-related hormones can be used to evaluate the current stress level [3]. These hormones are contained in both blood and saliva [12]; thus, it is common to measure cortisol and catecholamine levels in blood and saliva samples. This measurement method, however, can be problematic, as the manner in which the sampling is performed can induce more stress, especially in animals, and affect the results. Moreover, the sample analysis is complicated and time-consuming. Therefore, researchers have been looking for a noninvasive and easy-to-use indicator of stress in animals.Recently, skin conductance (SC) has been used as an indicator of stress in humans [6,7,14,18]. Cells in the stratum corneum each have an electrical double layer, which causes polarization of the skin to elicit a capacitance under the influence of an electric field. The electrical impedance of the stratum corneum is short-circuited by resistive channels that are located between the cells [20]. The activity of sweat glands, which are under the control of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), changes the ion permeability of the resistive channels and influences ...

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“…Vereinzelt beschriebene Anstiege der Katecholaminplasmakonzentration nach Injektion von Fentanyl könnten auf eine opioidbedingte Atemdepression mit konsekutiver Hyperkapnie/Hypoxämie zurückzuführen sein [31].…”

Section: Opioideunclassified

Implantation von Kardioverter-Defibrillatoren

et al. 2010

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Updated cardiologic guidelines constitute the background for an extended spectrum of indications for the implantation of automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillators (AICDs) and lead to an increasing number of operative implantations of AICDs. Moreover, during implantation of devices for cardiac resynchronization therapy the anesthesiologist is responsible for the most critically ill patients with the longest duration of surgery. As a result anesthesiologists face an increasing number of critically ill patients, whose management contributes to perioperative outcome. Automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillators can be implanted either during general anesthesia, local anesthesia or during a combination of local anesthesia combined with deep conscious sedation accomplished by an anesthesiologist. Besides economic aspects there is an increasing demand for anesthesia with the least cardiovascular side effects and rapid recovery in the often seriously ill patient with preexisting limitations of cardiac and pulmonary functions. Accordingly procedure and anesthesia-associated risks are reviewed and an algorithm for anesthesia management is suggested.

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Opiates increase plasma catecholamines in humans

Cited by 24 publications

References 17 publications

Chronic μ-Opioid Receptor Stimulation in Humans Decreases Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity

Chronic μ-Opioid Receptor Stimulation in Humans Decreases Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity

Skin Conductance Reflects Drug-Induced Changes in Blood Levels of Cortisol, Adrenaline and Noradrenaline in Dogs

Implantation von Kardioverter-Defibrillatoren

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