Opiates, catecholamines, behavior, and mood

Abstract

Indirect evidence has linked opioid reinforcement with changes in noradrenergic metabolism secondary to drug administration. Methodological precedents for biobehavioral correlations in depressive illness have suggested an important association between changes in mood and biogenic amine excretion patterns in the urines of patients during depression and recovery. This paper presents preliminary data on the possible relationship between changes in catecholamine excretion that were observed and the changes in behavior, mood, psychiatric status, and cardiorespiratory physiology secondary to heroin administration and methadone-assisted withdrawal. This study focuses on the urinary excretion of MHPG, since an appreciable fraction of this metabolite is probably derived from norepinephrine originating in the brain. The subjective changes in mood associated with heroin use, the decrease in respiratory rate, and the behavioral and mental status effects associated with opiate intoxication were observed only in the individuals whose MHPG excretion increased during the period of opiate administration.

Impact of substance abuse on the course and treatment of bipolar disorder

“…The endogenous opiate peptides represent another system that has been implicated in both mood and addictive disorders [95,96]. The involvement of endogenous opiate peptides in the reinforcing effects of psychoactive drugs, including alcohol, has been well documented through animal and human studies [97].…”