Opiate treatment in the criminal justice system: a review of crimesolutions.gov evidence rated programs

Stogner

Drug and Alcohol Review

et al. 2017

Self Cite

Introduction and Aims. Acetyl fentanyl, a fentanyl analogue emerging onto the recreational drug scene, has been responsible for numerous recent fatal overdoses in the USA, Europe and Russia. Studies reporting acetyl fentanyl use are presently limited to case studies and mortality reports. This study explores the nature of acetyl fentanyl use through the collection of first-hand qualitative data from users to inform public health and drug control policy responses. Design and Methods. A series of focus group interviews within a correctional setting-Delaware County (Ohio) Jail, USA. Participants were 102 individuals in one of two US Bureau of Justice Assistance Second Chance Act substance use treatment initiatives participating in at least one focus group session. Five of these individuals reported acetyl fentanyl use. Semi-structured qualitative focus group sessions queried subjects' drugs of choice and nature of drug use. Responses were explored through follow-up organic discourse. Results. Acetyl fentanyl users were generally unaware that they had administered the substance until after use (initially believing that they were administering heroin). They described the effects of acetyl fentanyl as stronger and qualitatively different from heroin. These individuals showed no interest in using acetyl fentanyl again describing it as unpleasant and more risky, both because of potency and the threat of a 'bad batch'. Discussion and Conclusions. Acetyl fentanyl is reaching heroin users, some of which administer it unknowingly. Regulation of acetyl fentanyl is recommended in all countries as is increasing public awareness that the substance is distinct from and being sold as heroin. [Miller JM, Stogner JM, Miller BL, Blough S. Exploring synthetic heroin: Accounts of acetyl fentanyl use from a sample of dually diagnosed drug offenders. Drug Alcohol Rev 2017;00:000-000]

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring synthetic heroin: Accounts of acetyl fentanyl use from a sample of dually diagnosed drug offenders

Stogner

Drug and Alcohol Review

et al. 2017

Self Cite

Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment

“…High-risk persons with OUD and especially those who have prior overdoses, could benefit from medication-based treatment (Kampman & Jarvis, 2015;Miller, Griffin III, & Gardner, 2016;Saloner & Barry, 2018;Volkow, Jones, Einstein, & Wargo, 2019;World Health Organization, 2009). Medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) are now recommended for treatment of opioid use disorder (National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outreach to people who survive opioid overdose: Linkage and retention in treatment

Langabeer

Champagne‐Langabeer

Luber

et al. 2020

Cognitive motivation theories contend that individuals have greater readiness for behavioral change during critical periods or life events, and a non-fatal overdose could represent such an event. The objective of this study was to examine if the use of a specialized mobile response team (assertive outreach) could help identify, engage, and retain people who have survived an overdose into a comprehensive treatment program. We developed an intervention, consisting of mobile outreach followed by medication and behavioral treatment, in Houston Texas between April and December 2018. Our primary outcome variables were the level of willingness to engage in treatment, and percent who retained in treatment after 30 and 90 day endpoints. We screened 103 individuals for eligibility, and 34 (33%) elected to engage in the treatment program, while two-thirds chose not to engage in treatment, primarily due to low readiness levels. The average age was 38.2 ± 12 years, 56% were male, 79% had no health insurance, and the majority (77%) reported being homeless or in temporary housing. There were 30 (88%) participants still active in the treatment program after 30 days, and 19 (56%) after 90 days. Given the high rates of relapse using conventional models, which wait for patients to present to treatment, our preliminary results suggest that assertive outreach could be a promising strategy to motivate people to enter and remain in long-term treatment.

Journal of Addiction Medicine

“…There is robust evidence suggesting that methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) is effective for reducing opioid use and its consequences (Fullerton et al, 2014). Correctional facilities that induce inmates with OUDs on MMT (Gordon et al, 2008; Johnson, et al, 2001; Kinlock et al, 2009, 2008, 2007) show reduced illicit drug use and risk behaviors (e.g., institutional misconduct) during incarceration, as well as increased re-engagement in community-based MMT, reduced illicit drug use post-release, and sometimes, reduced re-arrest and reincarceration (see Hedrich et al, 2012; Miller et al, 2016 for review). Very few correctional facilities continue providing MMT that was initiated in the community.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility and Effectiveness of Continuing Methadone Maintenance Treatment During Incarceration Compared With Forced Withdrawal

Moore

Oberleitner

Smith

et al. 2018