1994
DOI: 10.1046/j.1468-2982.1994.1401005.x
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Opiate and Opioid Use in Patients With Refractory Headache

Abstract: Opiate and opioid analgesics are commonly used for pain in general and presumably for headache. Codeine, oxycodone and propoxyphene, among the most commonly prescribed, do carry some risk of abuse, and their efficacy in headache patients has not been well studied. In many patients with other kinds of pain, however, both of neoplastic and non-neoplastic origin, chronic opiate use has been demonstrated to be of benefit without adverse side effects. The type of headache patient with intractable pain who needs fre… Show more

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Cited by 39 publications
(14 citation statements)
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“…This emphasises the current opinion that caffeine-containing combinations should not be used, despite the enhancing analgesic effects of caffeine. True physical dependence has been reported in headache patients taking codeine and other opioids [49,50]. Even though some patients have been on codeine for > 10 years, no sufficient studies have investigated the possible effects of codeine intake over such a prolonged period of time.…”
Section: Pathophysiology and Pathogenesismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This emphasises the current opinion that caffeine-containing combinations should not be used, despite the enhancing analgesic effects of caffeine. True physical dependence has been reported in headache patients taking codeine and other opioids [49,50]. Even though some patients have been on codeine for > 10 years, no sufficient studies have investigated the possible effects of codeine intake over such a prolonged period of time.…”
Section: Pathophysiology and Pathogenesismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Analgesics 46 (48) True physical dependence has been reported in headache patients taking codeine and other opioids [31,32]. Even though some patients have been taking codeine for over 10 years, no sufficient studies have investigated the possible effects of codeine intake over such a prolonged period of time.…”
Section: Critical Intake Dosage (Mg/mean Month [Sd])mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Similarly, caffeine and meprobamat, the main metabolite of carisoprodol, should be removed from ergotamine-containing formulations. There are reports on physical dependence on codeine and other opioids in headache patients [18,19]. It should be remembered that up to 10% of codeine is metabolized to morphine.…”
Section: Pathophysiologymentioning
confidence: 99%