Ophthalmoscopic abnormalities in adults with falciparum malaria

Kochar, Dhanpat Kumar; Shubhakaran,; Kumawat, Banshi Lal; Thanvi, I; Joshi, Arpita; Vyas, Sonal

doi:10.1093/qjmed/91.12.845

Cited by 44 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Earlier in a similar study done in adult patients of falciparum malaria in the same region, Kochar et al had found ophthalmoscopic findings to be present in 34% cases of cerebral malaria, 24% cases of non-cerebral severe malaria, and 12% cases of uncomplicated malaria. 13 Another study on adults with severe falciparum malaria in Bangladesh (a low transmission area) found retinal changes to be present in 14 of 20 patients with cerebral malaria, 3 of 7 patients with non-cerebral severe malaria, and 3 of 15 patients with uncomplicated malaria. 12 In comparison studies, in children by Beare et al and Essuman et al found retinopathy in 53% children with non-cerebral severe malaria due to P. falciparum in Malawi and Ghana, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, retinal changes in adults with severe falciparum malaria (both cerebral and non-cerebral) have also been described from this region. [12][13][14] There have been few isolated case reports regarding eye changes in cases of vivax malaria including retinal hemorrhages. [15][16][17][18] The presence of retinal changes assumes the importance in light of increased recognition of severe disease in vivax malaria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Retinopathy of vivax malaria in adults and its relation with severity parameters

Kochar

Kalra

et al. 2016

Pathogens and Global Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Malarial retinopathy is a set of retinal signs in severe malaria due to falciparum malaria. With increased recognition of severe manifestations of vivax malaria, a systematic study to evaluate retinal changes in vivax malaria could elaborate our knowledge about this neglected entity. This observational study included retinal examination of 104 adult patients (>14 years) with varying severity of vivax malaria admitted to a tertiary care center during peak seasons of 2012 and 2013. Thirty-eight percent of severe cases had a retinal sign as compared to 6% of nonsevere cases (p < 0.01). No statistically significant effect of residence or age on the presence of retinopathy was noted. Females were found to be more prone to develop a retinal sign (p < 0.01). Presence of retinal signs was significantly associated with anemia and jaundice. No statistical association was noted for retinal signs to be present in either renal dysfunction or altered thrombocytes count. The most common signs were arteriovenous changes, present in eight cases (19%) of severe malaria and three cases (5%) of non-severe malaria. Retinal hemorrhage was present in five cases (12%) of severe malaria and no case of non-severe malaria. Both superficial and deep hemorrhages were seen including white-centered hemorrhages. Other signs included cotton wool spots, hard exudates, blurred disk margins with spontaneous venous pulsations and bilateral disk edema. A correlation between retinal signs and severity parameters was drawn from the study. This is the first systemic study to evaluate the retinal changes in vivax malaria. Larger prospective studies should be done for further knowledge regarding retinal changes in vivax malaria, especially severe disease. Apart from its clinical significance, it might lead to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of the systemic disease of vivax malaria.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinopathy of vivax malaria in adults and its relation with severity parameters

Kochar

Kalra

et al. 2016

Pathogens and Global Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Here, ocular disease certainly follows this pattern, as the most-common ocular finding in malaria is retinal hemorrhage and is thought to be a consequence of anemia (149). Other eye-related findings include amaurosis fugax, optic neuritis, glaucoma, panuveitis, oculomotor paralysis, and cortical blindness.…”

Section: Ocular Disease Caused By Protozoansmentioning

confidence: 94%

Fungal and Parasitic Infections of the Eye

Klotz

Penn

Negvesky

et al. 2000

Clinical Microbiology Reviews

179

145

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Luvira V et al also reported a case of cerebral venous thrombosis in a Thai patient. 28 30 Another study by Looareesuwan S et al showed haemorrhage in 14.5% in 1983. 31 Kochar et al observed papilloedema in 5.5% cases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Study of neurological manifestations in patients of falciparum malaria

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Several types of neurological manifestations are associated with falciparum malaria. Cerebral malaria is one of the most dreaded complications. A significant number of survivors are left with disabling neurological sequelae, most of which are self-limiting. Neurological involvement is more frequent with falciparum malaria because of its unique characteristics leading to micro-vascular involvement.Methods: Present study was conducted at department of General Medicine, VIMSAR, Burla (Odisha). This observational study included in total 110 patients, who were confirmed cases of falciparum malaria. Clinical profile including detailed neurological examination with relevant investigations was done. Spectrum of neuropsychiatric manifestations were observed.Results: Out of 110 patients male and female ratio was 1:1 (M 55 and F 55). The mean age of presentation in male was 36.09 + 14.85 yrs. and in female was 31.85 + 14.00 yrs. The major presenting symptoms were fever, headache, vomiting, altered sensorium, altered behaviour and convulsions in their decreasing order of frequency. On neurological evaluation, diminished level of consciousness was found in 56.4% cases. 14% cases had GCS score ≤ 7 and 63% had GCS score ≥ 11. Convulsion was found in 31% cases, cranial neuropathy in 10.9%, cerebellar dysfunction in 12.7%, neck rigidity in 22.7%, speech abnormality in 3.6%, peripheral neuropathy in 8.2%, fundoscopic changes suggestive of retinal involvement in 44.5% cases. Atypical manifestation like; Intracerebral haemorrhage, subarachnoid haemorrhage, cortical venous sinus thrombosis were also found in few cases. 32.72% patients had Neuropsychiatric manifestations at discharge in the form of focal neurological deficits, psychosis, depression, speech disorder, memory loss, cerebellar abnormality & peripheral neuropathy.Conclusions: Neurological manifestations in falciparum malaria patients are common and encompass a wide spectrum of clinical presentation. In an endemic area, falciparum malaria should be kept as a differential diagnosis in patients presenting with atypical neurological manifestations.

show abstract

Ophthalmoscopic abnormalities in adults with falciparum malaria

Cited by 44 publications

References 1 publication

Retinopathy of vivax malaria in adults and its relation with severity parameters

Retinopathy of vivax malaria in adults and its relation with severity parameters

Fungal and Parasitic Infections of the Eye

Study of neurological manifestations in patients of falciparum malaria

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About