Abstract. In this paper we study linear fractional relations defined in the following way. Let B i , B i , i = 1, 2, be Banach spaces. We denote the space of bounded linear operators by L. Let T ∈ L(B 1 ⊕ B 2 , B 1 ⊕ B 2 ). To each such operator there corresponds a 2 × 2 operator matrix of the formwhereThe map G T is called a linear fractional relation. The paper is devoted to the following two problems.• Characterization of operator matrices of the form (*) for which the set G T (K) is non-empty for each K in some open ball of the space L(B 1 , B 2 ).• Characterizations of quadruples (B 1 , B 2 , B 1 , B 2 ) of Banach spaces such that linear fractional relations defined for such spaces satisfy the natural analogue of the Liouville theorem "a bounded entire function is constant".2000 Mathematics Subject Classification. 47A56, 46B20, 47B50.
Introduction.Consider a bounded linear operator T between Banach spaces B, B which can be decomposed into direct sums B = B 1 ⊕ B 2 , B = B 1 ⊕ B 2 . Such a linear operator can be represented by a 2 × 2 operator matrix of the form