“…(1) S is commuting, i.e., Many results on the d-shift can be obtained by "compressing theorems" about the noncommutative d-shift down to F + (E); see, e.g., [47,48,52,101], the proof of Theorem 7.2.4 or Sections 4.9 and 8.2 below. This is a powerful technique, due to the availability of strong results for the noncommutative d-shift, e.g., [49,50,97,98] or more generally [92].…”