Operational Research Needs Toward Malaria Elimination in China

Chen, Shen-Bo; Ju, Chuan; Chen, Jun-Hu; Zheng, Bin; Huang, Fang; Xiao, Ning; Tambo, Ernest; Zhou, Xiao‐Nong

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800869-0.00005-6

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Indeed, significant R&D achievements have been made during the past few decades, such as ACTs, RDTs, and the RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine [4, 26]. The completion of genome sequences and stage-specific transcriptomes of the intraerythrocytic developmental cycle of Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax may also lead to the discovery of new drugs and accelerate vaccine development [27–29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though efforts were seen in multiple R&D areas, the gaps between China and global malaria R&D are quite obvious, especially in the field of diagnostics and detection, as also mentioned by other studies [4, 35]. New screening tools and better diagnostic tools are recommended to be higher priorities for operational R&D, especially for countries moving towards elimination [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…New screening tools and better diagnostic tools are recommended to be higher priorities for operational R&D, especially for countries moving towards elimination [4]. Field-ready active testing for mass screening and sensitive diagnostic tools for asymptomatic patients are necessary for global malaria elimination [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Malaria has been contracted in over 96 countries inhabited by roughly 3.3 billion people, and approximately 214 million cases were recorded in 2014 [2]. Though many countries, including China, are moving towards malaria elimination, further research is still necessary, particularly in the areas of diagnostics, monitoring, evaluation and surveillance [3, 4]. Additionally, emerging challenges, such as artemisinin resistance and workforce migration could precipitate new epidemics [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Identifying the current situation and the obstacles of malaria R&D in China is essential for future R&D and is necessary to ensure that limited resources can be used to address the needs in vitally important areas. However, until recently, most published articles concerning malaria R&D in China have only analysed literature or articles, and have primarily focused on disease control, while less research has studied the overall malaria R&D situation in China [4, 21]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Domestic trends in malaria research and development in China and its global influence

et al. 2017

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BackgroundThough many countries, including China, are moving towards malaria elimination, malaria remains a major global health threat. Due to the spread of antimalarial drug resistance and the need for innovative medical products during the elimination phase, further research and development (R&D) of innovative tools in both epidemic and elimination areas is needed. This study aims to identify the trends and gaps in malaria R&D in China, and aims to offer suggestions on how China can be more effectively involved in global malaria R&D.MethodsQuantitative analysis was carried out by collecting data on Chinese malaria-related research programmes between 1985 and 2014, invention patents in China from 1985 to 2014, and articles published by Chinese researchers in PubMed and Chinese databases from 2005 to 2014. All data were screened and extracted for numerical analysis and were categorized into basic sciences, drug/drug resistance, immunology/vaccines, or diagnostics/detection for chronological and subgroup comparisons.ResultsThe number of malaria R&D activities have shown a trend of increase during the past 30 years, however these activities have fluctuated within the past few years. During the past 10 years, R&D on drug/drug resistance accounted for the highest percentages of research programmes (32.4%), articles (55.0% in PubMed and 50.6% in Chinese databases) and patents (45.5%). However, these R&D activities were mainly related to artemisinin. R&D on immunology/vaccines has been a continuous interest for China’s public entities, but the focus remains on basic science. R&D in the area of high-efficiency diagnostics has been rarely seen or reported in China.ConclusionsChina has long been devoted to malaria R&D in multiple areas, including drugs, drug resistance, immunology and vaccines. R&D on diagnostics has received significantly less attention, however, it should also be an area where China can make a contribution. More focus on malaria R&D is needed, especially in the area of diagnostics, if China would like to contribute in a more significant way to global malaria control and elimination.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40249-016-0222-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Domestic trends in malaria research and development in China and its global influence

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Preface

Kramer¹,

Xiao²,

Zhou³

2014

Advances in Parasitology

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Immunomic approaches for antigen discovery of human parasites

Kassegne

Abe

Chen

et al. 2016

Expert Review of Proteomics

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Genetics combined with proteomics allows for a better understanding of parasite-host interactions and host immune responses. Immunomics elucidates that antigens are targets of induced or naturally acquired immunity (NAI), a promising solution to the challenge of eradicating human infections. High-throughput protein microarrays enhance rapid antigen discovery for the development of serodiagnostic tests/vaccines. Areas covered: This review systematically analyzes the emergence of protein microarrays as a powerful technology for parasite antigen discovery and subsequently summarizes some of the attributes and disadvantages of these approaches. Major insights on novel/validated serological biomarkers or vaccine candidates against malaria and Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) are highlighted. We conclude with a brief description of the processes involved in immunomic protein microarrays. Expert commentary: Interesting discoveries have been made using protein microarrays. However, there is a need to evaluate targets that elicit strong immunogenicity and correlates of protective efficacy to aid prioritization and guide further clinical development. The goal of parasitic disease elimination will be best achieved through an integrated strategy that will incorporate and implement the different control components.

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Operational Research Needs Toward Malaria Elimination in China

Cited by 14 publications

References 101 publications

Domestic trends in malaria research and development in China and its global influence

Domestic trends in malaria research and development in China and its global influence

Preface

Immunomic approaches for antigen discovery of human parasites

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