2024
DOI: 10.2166/ws.2024.192
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Operational management of water quality to prevent physical, chemical, and microbial contaminations in hydroponic cultivation

Majid Jafari,
Esmaeil Asadi,
Ahmad Fakheri Fard

Abstract: The overarching aim of the present research is to manage the quality of surface water and irrigation water in hydroponic cultivation, which is one of the sustainable modern agricultural methods. It fully covered the control of physical, chemical, and biological contamination within the recommended standard range from river water to irrigation water. Initially, to deal with the corresponding contamination levels, the performance of the combination of coagulation and flocculation, rapid sand filter, ultrafiltrat… Show more

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