Operational Limits of the Bulk Hybrid Liquid Membranes Based on Dispersion Systems

Ferencz, Andreea; Grosu, Alexandra Raluca; Al-Ani, Hussam Nadum Abdalraheem; Nechifor, Aurelia Cristina; Tanczos, Szidonia-Katalin; Albu, Paul Constantin; Crăciun, Mihaela Emanuela; Ioan, Mihail-Răzvan; Grosu, Vlad-Alexandru; Nechifor, Gheorghe

doi:10.3390/membranes12020190

Cited by 8 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Separation systems with a liquid membrane (LM) or bulk liquid membrane (BLM) are formed by two homogenous liquid phases, immiscible with the membrane, called the source phase (SP) and the receiving phase (RP). The separation of the two liquid membranes is achieved with a third liquid, the membrane (M), which acts as a semi-permeable barrier between the two liquid phases [ 207 , 208 , 209 , 210 , 211 , 212 , 213 , 214 , 215 , 216 , 217 , 218 , 219 , 220 , 221 , 222 , 223 , 224 , 225 , 226 , 227 , 228 , 229 , 230 , 231 ].…”

Section: Membrane and Membrane Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Schematic presentation of the permeation module with dispersed phases: ( a ) front view; ( b ) cross-section detail. Legend: SP—source phase; RP—receiving phase; M—organic solvent membrane; m np —magnetic nanoparticles; str—stirrer with magnetic rods [ 216 , 217 ]. …”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most recent design is shown in Figure 12, but other variants using chemical nano-species are also used [216]. The BLM system with dispersed phases (based on Figure 8 carriers, for example) is close to the performance of liquid membranes on hollow-fiber supports or emulsion-type liquid membranes but has several limitations that restrict its applicability, including the stability of the membrane nanodispersion, control of the size of droplets in recirculating aqueous phases and losses of membrane material (solvent or nanoparticles) [217].…”

Section: Membrane Processes Carried Out Under a Concentration Gradien...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thorium Removal, Recovery and Recycling: A Membrane Challenge for Urban Mining

Man,

Albu,

Nechifor

et al. 2023

Membranes

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Although only a slightly radioactive element, thorium is considered extremely toxic because its various species, which reach the environment, can constitute an important problem for the health of the population. The present paper aims to expand the possibilities of using membrane processes in the removal, recovery and recycling of thorium from industrial residues reaching municipal waste-processing platforms. The paper includes a short introduction on the interest shown in this element, a weak radioactive metal, followed by highlighting some common (domestic) uses. In a distinct but concise section, the bio-medical impact of thorium is presented. The classic technologies for obtaining thorium are concentrated in a single schema, and the speciation of thorium is presented with an emphasis on the formation of hydroxo-complexes and complexes with common organic reagents. The determination of thorium is highlighted on the basis of its radioactivity, but especially through methods that call for extraction followed by an established electrochemical, spectral or chromatographic method. Membrane processes are presented based on the electrochemical potential difference, including barro-membrane processes, electrodialysis, liquid membranes and hybrid processes. A separate sub-chapter is devoted to proposals and recommendations for the use of membranes in order to achieve some progress in urban mining for the valorization of thorium.

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Section: Membrane and Membrane Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Membrane Processes Carried Out Under a Concentration Gradien...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thorium Removal, Recovery and Recycling: A Membrane Challenge for Urban Mining

Man,

Albu,

Nechifor

et al. 2023

Membranes

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“…The reactive membrane systems recently tested for the reduction and separation of p-nitrophenol (pNP) from source aqueous solutions use polymers as membrane phases (Figure 1c) or medium-chain n-alcohols, in which nanoparticles are dispersed [19][20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emulsion Liquid Membranes Based on Os–NP/n–Decanol or n–Dodecanol Nanodispersions for p–Nitrophenol Reduction

Pîrțac,

Nechifor,

Tanczos

et al. 2024

Molecules

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Membrane materials with osmium nanoparticles have been recently reported for bulk membranes and supported composite membrane systems. In the present paper, a catalytic material based on osmium dispersed in n–decanol (nD) or n–dodecanol (nDD) is presented, which also works as an emulsion membrane. The hydrogenation of p–nitrophenol (PNP) is carried out in a reaction and separation column in which an emulsion in the acid-receiving phase is dispersed in an osmium nanodispersion in n–alcohols. The variables of the PNP conversion process and p–aminophenol (PAP) transport are as follows: the nature of the membrane alcohol, the flow regime, the pH difference between the source and receiving phases and the number of operating cycles. The conversion results are in all cases better for nD than nDD. The counter-current flow regime is superior to the co-current flow. Increasing the pH difference between the source and receiving phases amplifies the process. The number of operating cycles is limited to five, after which the regeneration of the membrane dispersion is required. The apparent catalytic rate constant (kapp) of the new catalytic material based on the emulsion membrane with the nanodispersion of osmium nanoparticles (0.1 × 10−3 s−1 for n–dodecanol and 0.9 × 10−3 s−1 for n–decanol) is lower by an order of magnitude compared to those based on adsorption on catalysts from the platinum metal group. The advantage of the tested membrane catalytic material is that it extracts p–aminophenol in the acid-receiving phase.

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“…Liquid membrane separations (bulk [ 1 , 2 , 3 ], supported [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ], emulsion [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]) combining extraction and stripping processes in a single mass-transfer unit allow the separation of species on their partition between two aqueous phases. Mass transfer occurs through an intermediate organic phase (mass-transfer medium).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three- and Multi-Phase Extraction as a Tool for the Implementation of Liquid Membrane Separation Methods in Practice

2022

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To promote the implementation of liquid membrane separations in industry, we have previously proposed extraction methods called three- and multi-phase extraction. The three-phase multi-stage extraction is carried out in a cascade of bulk liquid membrane separation stages, each comprising two interconnected (extraction and stripping) chambers. The organic liquid membrane phase recycles between the chambers within the same stage. In multi-phase extraction, each separation stage includes a scrubbing chamber, located between the extraction and stripping chambers. The three- and multi-phase multi-stage extraction technique can be realized either in a series of mixer–settler extractors or in special two- or multi-chamber extraction apparatuses, in which the convective circulation of continuous membrane phase between the chambers takes place due to the difference in emulsion density in the chambers. The results of an experimental study of the extraction of phenol from sulfuric acid solutions in the three-phase extractors with convective circulation of continuous membrane phase are presented. Butyl acetate was used as an extractant. The stripping of phenol from the organic phase was carried out with 5–12% NaOH aqueous solutions. The prospects of using three-phase extractors for wastewater treatment from phenol are shown. An increase in the efficiency of three-phase extraction can be achieved by carrying out the process in a cascade of three-phase apparatuses.

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Operational Limits of the Bulk Hybrid Liquid Membranes Based on Dispersion Systems

Cited by 8 publications

References 50 publications

Thorium Removal, Recovery and Recycling: A Membrane Challenge for Urban Mining

Thorium Removal, Recovery and Recycling: A Membrane Challenge for Urban Mining

Emulsion Liquid Membranes Based on Os–NP/n–Decanol or n–Dodecanol Nanodispersions for p–Nitrophenol Reduction

Three- and Multi-Phase Extraction as a Tool for the Implementation of Liquid Membrane Separation Methods in Practice

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